Salehi Katayoun, Mahmoodi Zohreh, Kabir Kourosh, Dolatian Mahrokh
M.Sc. in Midwifery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Ph.D. of Social Determinant of Health, Assistant Professor of Social Determinant of Health Research Center and Nursing & Midwifery Faculty of Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Electron Physician. 2016 Sep 20;8(9):2888-2896. doi: 10.19082/2888. eCollection 2016 Sep.
Preterm and low birth weight tend to occur as a direct result of prenatal risky behaviors, diseases, as well as fetal exposure to harmful social and environmental factors. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between job style and preterm low birth weight.
The present case-control study was conducted in the Kamali hospital, Teheran, Iran in 2014. Participants included 156 mothers having a gestational age of less than 37 weeks and infants weighing less than 2500 gm. Additionally, the control group consisted of 433 mothers with a gestational age of over 37 weeks and having infants weighing between 2500-4000 gm. The data were collected using the Mother's Lifestyle Scale (MLS) during pregnancy based on recognized social determinants of health and those developed by the researchers. The domain of the mother's job style was assessed using a questionnaire consisting of 18 items on topics such as working conditions, job satisfaction, and perceived employer empathy. Higher overall scores in this instrument indicate the mother's poorer job style. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Lisrel version 8.8 through a statistical path analysis.
The model fit indices indicated that there was found to be high favorability, demonstrated that the model fit and that there were rational relationships (CFI=1, RMSEA=0.00), and showed that on the direct path that the mother's job style had the most adverse effect (B=-0.3) with weight gain during pregnancy showing the most positive effect (B=0.16) on PLBW. The mother's level of education was found to be the only variable that affected PLBW negatively in both the direct and indirect paths through the mother's job style and household income (B=-0.17).
According the path analysis model, job style has a direct influence on preterm low birth weight. Thus, special consideration should be placed on aspects surrounding a mother's job situation in order to prevent any adverse effects.
早产和低出生体重往往是产前危险行为、疾病以及胎儿暴露于有害的社会和环境因素的直接结果。本研究旨在调查工作方式与早产低出生体重之间的关系。
本病例对照研究于2014年在伊朗德黑兰的卡马利医院进行。参与者包括156名孕周小于37周且婴儿体重小于2500克的母亲。此外，对照组由433名孕周超过37周且婴儿体重在2500 - 4000克之间的母亲组成。数据是在孕期使用母亲生活方式量表（MLS）收集的，该量表基于公认的健康社会决定因素以及研究人员制定的因素。母亲工作方式的领域使用一份由18个项目组成的问卷进行评估，这些项目涉及工作条件、工作满意度和感知到的雇主同理心等主题。该工具中较高的总体得分表明母亲的工作方式较差。数据使用SPSS 16版和Lisrel 8.8版通过统计路径分析进行分析。
模型拟合指数表明具有高度拟合性，证明模型拟合且存在合理关系（CFI = 1，RMSEA = 0.00），并表明在直接路径上母亲的工作方式具有最不利影响（B = -0.3），而孕期体重增加对早产低出生体重具有最积极影响（B = 0.16）。发现母亲的教育水平是唯一在通过母亲的工作方式和家庭收入的直接和间接路径中均对早产低出生体重产生负面影响的变量（B = -0.17）。
根据路径分析模型，工作方式对早产低出生体重有直接影响。因此，应特别关注母亲工作状况的各个方面，以防止任何不利影响。
