Pontes Arthur H, de Sousa Marcelo V
Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia Brasilia, Brazil.
Front Chem. 2016 Oct 14;4:40. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2016.00040. eCollection 2016.
The central nervous system is responsible for an array of cognitive functions such as memory, learning, language, and attention. These processes tend to take place in distinct brain regions; yet, they need to be integrated to give rise to adaptive or meaningful behavior. Since cognitive processes result from underlying cellular and molecular changes, genomics and transcriptomics assays have been applied to human and animal models to understand such events. Nevertheless, genes and RNAs are not the end products of most biological functions. In order to gain further insights toward the understanding of brain processes, the field of proteomics has been of increasing importance in the past years. Advancements in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) have enabled the identification and quantification of thousands of proteins with high accuracy and sensitivity, fostering a revolution in the neurosciences. Herein, we review the molecular bases of explicit memory in the hippocampus. We outline the principles of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, highlighting the use of this analytical tool to study memory formation. In addition, we discuss MS-based targeted approaches as the future of protein analysis.
中枢神经系统负责一系列认知功能，如记忆、学习、语言和注意力。这些过程往往发生在不同的脑区；然而，它们需要整合起来才能产生适应性或有意义的行为。由于认知过程是由潜在的细胞和分子变化引起的，基因组学和转录组学分析已应用于人类和动物模型，以了解此类事件。然而，基因和RNA并非大多数生物学功能的最终产物。为了进一步深入了解大脑过程，蛋白质组学领域在过去几年中变得越来越重要。液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）技术的进步使得能够以高精度和高灵敏度鉴定和定量数千种蛋白质，推动了神经科学的一场革命。在此，我们综述海马体中显性记忆的分子基础。我们概述基于质谱（MS）的蛋白质组学原理，强调使用这种分析工具来研究记忆形成。此外，我们将基于MS的靶向方法作为蛋白质分析的未来发展方向进行讨论。
