Caputo Jennifer, Pavalko Eliza K, Hardy Melissa A
Department of Sociology, Indiana University, 744 Ballantine Hall, 1020 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405.
Department of Sociology, Indiana University.
J Marriage Fam. 2016 Oct;78(5):1382-1398. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12332. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
Caregivers experience numerous mental and physical health effects from the stress of providing care, but we know little about whether these problems persist in the long term and whether long-term effects differ across caregiving contexts. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women, we examine the relationship between caregiving and long-term patterns of depressive symptoms, functional limitations, and mortality. We also explore the health effects of caregiving in-home versus out-of-home and by caregiver/care-recipient relationship. Analyses show that in-home spousal and parental caregiving predict increased depressive symptoms and functional limitations in the long term but are unassociated with mortality, while caregiving out-of-home is unassociated with later depression and functional limitations but predicts lower risk of mortality. This study highlights the usefulness of approaching stressful experiences like caregiving from the life course perspective, viewing them as processes that unfold over time within specific contexts and may carry delayed or cumulative consequences.
照顾者因提供照顾的压力而经历诸多身心健康影响，但我们对这些问题是否长期存在以及长期影响在不同照顾情境下是否存在差异知之甚少。利用全国成熟女性纵向调查，我们研究了照顾与抑郁症状、功能受限及死亡率的长期模式之间的关系。我们还探讨了在家照顾与不在家照顾以及照顾者/受照顾者关系对健康的影响。分析表明，长期来看，在家照顾配偶和父母会增加抑郁症状和功能受限，但与死亡率无关，而不在家照顾与后期抑郁和功能受限无关，但预示着较低的死亡风险。本研究强调了从生命历程角度看待像照顾这样的压力经历的有用性，将其视为在特定情境中随时间展开且可能带来延迟或累积后果的过程。
