Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, General Cruz, 1577, Concepción, Chile.
Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Nov;54(9):7096-7115. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-0193-8. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
Obesity is considered one of the greatest risk to human health and is associated with several factors including genetic components, diet, and physical inactivity. Recently, the relationship between obesity and numerous progressive and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been observed. Thus, the involvement of the most abundant and heterogeneous group of glial cells in neurodegenerative diseases, the astrocytes, is caused by a combination of the failure on their normal homeostatic functions and the increase of toxic metabolites upon pathological event. Upon brain damage, molecular signals induce astrocyte activation and migration to the site of injury, entering in a highly active state, with the aim to contribute to ameliorating or worsening the pathology. In this regard, the aim of this review is to elucidate the relationship between obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease and highlight the role of astrocytes in these pathologies.
肥胖被认为是对人类健康的最大威胁之一，与遗传因素、饮食和缺乏体育活动等多种因素有关。最近，人们观察到肥胖与许多进行性和与衰老相关的神经退行性疾病之间存在关联，如帕金森病（PD）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）。因此，最丰富和异质的神经胶质细胞群，即星形胶质细胞，在神经退行性疾病中的参与是由其正常的稳态功能的失败和病理事件中有毒代谢物的增加共同引起的。在脑损伤后，分子信号诱导星形胶质细胞激活和迁移到损伤部位，进入高度活跃状态，目的是改善或加重病理学。在这方面，本综述的目的是阐明肥胖、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病之间的关系，并强调星形胶质细胞在这些疾病中的作用。
