Chen Wei-Wei, Zhang Xia, Huang Wen-Juan
Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China.
Mol Med Rep. 2016 Apr;13(4):3391-6. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4948. Epub 2016 Feb 29.
Neurodegeneration is a phenomenon that occurs in the central nervous system through the hallmarks associating the loss of neuronal structure and function. Neurodegeneration is observed after viral insult and mostly in various so-called 'neurodegenerative diseases', generally observed in the elderly, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that negatively affect mental and physical functioning. Causative agents of neurodegeneration have yet to be identified. However, recent data have identified the inflammatory process as being closely linked with multiple neurodegenerative pathways, which are associated with depression, a consequence of neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, pro‑inflammatory cytokines are important in the pathophysiology of depression and dementia. These data suggest that the role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration must be fully elucidated, since pro‑inflammatory agents, which are the causative effects of neuroinflammation, occur widely, particularly in the elderly in whom inflammatory mechanisms are linked to the pathogenesis of functional and mental impairments. In this review, we investigated the role played by the inflammatory process in neurodegenerative diseases.
神经退行性变是一种发生在中枢神经系统的现象，其特征是神经元结构和功能丧失。病毒侵袭后会出现神经退行性变，并且主要见于各种所谓的“神经退行性疾病”，这些疾病通常在老年人中出现，如阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症，它们会对心理和身体功能产生负面影响。神经退行性变的致病因素尚未确定。然而，最近的数据表明，炎症过程与多种神经退行性途径密切相关，而这些途径与神经退行性疾病的后果——抑郁症有关。因此，促炎细胞因子在抑郁症和痴呆症的病理生理学中很重要。这些数据表明，必须充分阐明神经炎症在神经退行性变中的作用，因为作为神经炎症致病效应的促炎因子广泛存在，尤其是在炎症机制与功能和精神障碍发病机制相关的老年人中。在本综述中，我们研究了炎症过程在神经退行性疾病中所起的作用。
