Georgakopoulos Constantine D, Makri Olga E, Pagoulatos Dionisios, Vasilakis Panagiotis, Peristeropoulou Politimi, Kouli Vasiliki, Eliopoulou Maria I, Psachoulia Caterina
a Department of Ophthalmology , Medical School, University of Patras , Patras , GREECE.
c Department of Cytology , St Andrews Hospital , Patras , GREECE.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2017 Jan;36(1):38-43. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2016.1170643. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on ocular surface and tear film in patients with type 2 diabetes suffering from dry eye.
Thirty-six patients suffering from type 2 diabetes and moderate to severe dry eye syndrome were included in the study. Patients were assigned to receive omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for 3 months. Tear film break-up time test, Schirmer-I test, and conjunctival impression cytology analysis were performed on all patients at baseline and after 1 and 3 months. The subjective symptoms of dry eye were evaluated with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire at the same time points.
Patients' average age was 65.57 ± 4.27 years and the mean duration of diabetes was 14.85 ± 5.4 years. There was a statistically significant increase in Schirmer-I test results and tear break-up time score after 3 months of supplementary intake of omega-3 fatty acids compared to baseline (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Impression cytology demonstrated a significantly lower grade of conjunctival squamous cell metaplasia after 1 and 3 months of omega-3 fatty acids intake compared to baseline (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The OSDI score was statistically significant lower both at 1 and 3 months after omega-3 fatty acids supplementation compared to baseline (p < 0.001).
Omega-3 fatty acids may effectively improve tear film characteristics, reverse ocular surface features, and alleviate the subjective symptoms associated with dry eye syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes.
本研究旨在探讨补充ω-3脂肪酸饮食对2型糖尿病干眼症患者眼表和泪膜的影响。
本研究纳入了36例患有2型糖尿病且伴有中重度干眼综合征的患者。患者被分配接受ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸治疗3个月。在基线时以及治疗1个月和3个月后，对所有患者进行泪膜破裂时间测试、Schirmer - I试验和结膜印迹细胞学分析。同时，使用眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷评估干眼的主观症状。
患者的平均年龄为65.57±4.27岁，糖尿病平均病程为14.85±5.4年。与基线相比，补充ω-3脂肪酸3个月后，Schirmer - I试验结果和泪膜破裂时间得分有统计学显著增加（分别为p<0.05和p<0.001）。印迹细胞学显示，与基线相比，摄入ω-3脂肪酸1个月和3个月后结膜鳞状细胞化生程度显著降低（分别为p<0.05和p<0.01）。与基线相比，补充ω-3脂肪酸1个月和3个月后OSDI评分均有统计学显著降低（p<0.001）。
ω-3脂肪酸可能有效改善泪膜特征，逆转眼表特征，并减轻2型糖尿病患者干眼综合征相关的主观症状。
