Castaneda-Alvarez C, Aballay E
Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, University of Chile, P.O. Box 1004, Santiago, Chile.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Dec;32(12):203. doi: 10.1007/s11274-016-2165-6. Epub 2016 Nov 1.
The use of rhizobacteria to control plant parasitic nematodes has been widely studied. Currently, the research focuses on bacteria-nematode interactions that can mitigate this complex microbiome in agriculture. Various enzymes, toxins and metabolic by-products from rhizobacteria antagonize plant parasitic nematodes, and many different modes of action have been proposed. Hydrolytic enzymes, primarily proteases, collagenases and chitinases, have been related to the nematicide effect in rhizobacteria, proving to be an important factor involved in the degradation of different chemical constituents of nematodes at distinct developmental stages. Exuded metabolites may also alter the nematode-plant recognition process or create a hostile environment for nematodes in the rhizosphere. Specific bacteria strains responsible for the production of toxins, such as Cry proteins, are one of the strategies used by rhizobacteria. Characterization of the rhizobacteria mode of action could strengthen the development of commercial products to control populations of plant parasitic nematodes. This review aims to provide an overview of different enzymes and compounds produced by rhizobacteria related to the process of antagonism to plant-parasitic nematodes.
利用根际细菌控制植物寄生线虫已得到广泛研究。目前，研究集中在可减轻农业中这种复杂微生物群落的细菌与线虫的相互作用上。根际细菌产生的各种酶、毒素和代谢副产物可拮抗植物寄生线虫，并且已提出了许多不同的作用方式。水解酶，主要是蛋白酶、胶原酶和几丁质酶，已被证明与根际细菌的杀线虫作用有关，是参与线虫不同发育阶段不同化学成分降解的重要因素。分泌的代谢产物也可能改变线虫与植物的识别过程，或在根际为线虫创造不利环境。负责产生毒素（如Cry蛋白）的特定细菌菌株是根际细菌使用的策略之一。根际细菌作用方式的表征可加强控制植物寄生线虫种群的商业产品的开发。本综述旨在概述根际细菌产生的与拮抗植物寄生线虫过程相关的不同酶和化合物。
