Hamasaki Hidetaka
Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
Hamasaki Clinic, Kagoshima, Japan.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2018;14(2):129-137. doi: 10.2174/1573399812666161101103655.
Regular exercise improves glycemic control and reduces cardiovascular risk and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Continuous moderate- to high-intensity exercise has been recommended to manage type 2 diabetes; however, only approximately 30% of diabetic patients achieve the recommended levels of physical activity. The reasons for not engaging in regular exercise vary; however, one of the common reasons is lack of time. Recently, the effectiveness of shortduration interval exercise such as high-intensity interval training and interval walking has been observed. Thus, the author aimed to summarize the current knowledge and discuss recent literature regarding the effects of interval exercise therapy in type 2 diabetes.
The author searched the English literature on interval training and type 2 diabetes using Pub- Med. A total of 8 studies met the criteria.
Interval exercise is feasible and effective in obtaining glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. It may also improve body composition, insulin sensitivity, aerobic capacity, and oxidative stress more effectively than continuous exercise.
As a novel exercise therapy, interval training appears to be effective in managing type 2 diabetes. However, the safety and efficacy of this exercise modality in patients with progressed diabetic complications or a history of cardiovascular disease and in extremely older individuals remain unknown. Additionally, there is considerable heterogeneity in exercise interventions (intensity and duration) between clinical studies. Further studies are needed.
规律运动可改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制，降低心血管风险及死亡率。推荐进行持续的中高强度运动来管理2型糖尿病；然而，仅有约30%的糖尿病患者达到推荐的体力活动水平。不进行规律运动的原因各不相同；不过，常见原因之一是缺乏时间。近来，已观察到短时长间歇运动如高强度间歇训练和间歇步行的效果。因此，作者旨在总结当前关于间歇运动疗法对2型糖尿病影响的认识并讨论近期文献。
作者使用PubMed搜索关于间歇训练和2型糖尿病的英文文献。共有8项研究符合标准。
间歇运动在实现2型糖尿病患者血糖控制方面是可行且有效的。与持续运动相比，它还可能更有效地改善身体成分、胰岛素敏感性、有氧能力及氧化应激。
作为一种新型运动疗法，间歇训练在管理2型糖尿病方面似乎有效。然而，这种运动方式在糖尿病并发症进展期患者或有心血管疾病史的患者以及高龄个体中的安全性和有效性尚不清楚。此外，临床研究之间在运动干预（强度和时长）方面存在相当大的异质性。需要进一步研究。
