Zare Mehdi, Soleimani-Ahmadi Moussa, Davoodi Sayed Hossein, Sanei-Dehkordi Alireza
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Parasit Vectors. 2016 Nov 4;9(1):571. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1851-4.
Iran has recently initiated a malaria elimination program with emphasis on vector control strategies which are heavily reliant on indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets. Insecticide resistance seriously threatens the efficacy of vector control strategies. This study was conducted to determine the insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles stephensi to DDT and current insecticides in Jask county as an active malaria focus in southeastern Iran.
In this study, the anopheline larvae were collected from different aquatic habitats in Jask county and transported to insectarium, fed with sugar and then 3-day-old adults were used for susceptibility tests. WHO insecticide susceptibility tests were performed with DDT (4 %), malathion (5 %), lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05 %), deltamethrin (0.05 %) and permethrin (0.75 %).
The field strain of An. stephensi was found resistant to DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin. The LT values for DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin in this species were 130.25, and 37.71 min, respectively. Moreover, An. stephensi was completely susceptible to malathion and permethrin and tolerant to deltamethrin.
The present study results confirm the resistance of the major malaria vector, An. stephensi, to DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin, and tolerance to deltamethrin, which could gradually increase and spread into other malaria endemic areas. Thus, there is a need for regular monitoring of insecticide resistance in order to select suitable insecticides for vector control interventions towards malaria elimination.
伊朗最近启动了一项疟疾消除计划，重点是病媒控制策略，该策略严重依赖室内残留喷洒和长效杀虫网。杀虫剂抗性严重威胁着病媒控制策略的效果。本研究旨在确定伊朗东南部活跃的疟疾疫源地贾斯克县的斯氏按蚊对滴滴涕和目前使用的杀虫剂的敏感性。
在本研究中，从贾斯克县不同的水生栖息地收集按蚊幼虫，运至昆虫饲养室，用糖喂养，然后使用3日龄成虫进行敏感性试验。采用世界卫生组织的杀虫剂敏感性试验方法，使用4%的滴滴涕、5%的马拉硫磷、0.05%的高效氯氟氰菊酯、0.05%的溴氰菊酯和0.75%的氯菊酯进行试验。
发现斯氏按蚊的野外品系对滴滴涕和高效氯氟氰菊酯具有抗性。该物种对滴滴涕和高效氯氟氰菊酯的LT值分别为130.25分钟和37.71分钟。此外，斯氏按蚊对马拉硫磷和氯菊酯完全敏感，对溴氰菊酯具有耐受性。
本研究结果证实了主要疟疾传播媒介斯氏按蚊对滴滴涕和高效氯氟氰菊酯具有抗性，对溴氰菊酯具有耐受性，这种情况可能会逐渐增加并蔓延到其他疟疾流行地区。因此，有必要定期监测杀虫剂抗性，以便选择合适的杀虫剂用于病媒控制干预措施以消除疟疾。
