Oldehinkel Marianne, Beckmann Christian F, Pruim Raimon H R, van Oort Erik S B, Franke Barbara, Hartman Catharina A, Hoekstra Pieter J, Oosterlaan Jaap, Heslenfeld Dirk, Buitelaar Jan K, Mennes Maarten
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2016 Jul;1(4):353-363. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.03.008. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
Cortico-striatal network dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is generally investigated by comparing functional connectivity of the main striatal sub-regions (i.e., putamen, caudate, and nucleus accumbens) between an ADHD and a control group. However, dimensional analyses based on continuous symptom measures might help to parse the high phenotypic heterogeneity in ADHD. Here, we focus on functional segregation of regions in the striatum and investigate cortico-striatal networks using both categorical and dimensional measures of ADHD.
We computed whole-brain functional connectivity for six striatal sub-regions that resulted from a novel functional parcellation technique. We compared functional connectivity maps between adolescents with ADHD (N=169) and healthy controls (N=122), and investigated dimensional ADHD-related measures by relating striatal connectivity to ADHD symptom scores (N=444). Finally, we examined whether altered connectivity of striatal sub-regions related to motor and cognitive performance.
We observed no case-control differences in functional connectivity patterns of the six striatal networks. In contrast, inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom scores were associated with increases in functional connectivity in the networks of posterior putamen and ventral caudate. Increased connectivity of posterior putamen with motor cortex and cerebellum was associated with decreased motor performance.
Our findings support hypotheses of cortico-striatal network dysfunction in ADHD by demonstrating that dimensional symptom measures are associated with changes in functional connectivity. These changes were not detected by categorical ADHD versus control group analyses, highlighting the important contribution of dimensional analyses to investigating the neurobiology of ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）中的皮质-纹状体网络功能障碍通常通过比较ADHD组和对照组之间主要纹状体亚区域（即壳核、尾状核和伏隔核）的功能连接来进行研究。然而，基于连续症状测量的维度分析可能有助于剖析ADHD中高度的表型异质性。在此，我们聚焦于纹状体区域的功能分离，并使用ADHD的分类和维度测量来研究皮质-纹状体网络。
我们计算了由一种新型功能分割技术得出的六个纹状体亚区域的全脑功能连接。我们比较了ADHD青少年（N = 169）和健康对照组（N = 122）之间的功能连接图谱，并通过将纹状体连接与ADHD症状评分相关联（N = 444）来研究与ADHD相关的维度测量。最后，我们检查了纹状体亚区域连接的改变是否与运动和认知表现相关。
我们在六个纹状体网络的功能连接模式中未观察到病例对照差异。相反，注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状评分与后壳核和腹侧尾状核网络中功能连接的增加相关。后壳核与运动皮层和小脑之间连接的增加与运动表现下降相关。
我们的研究结果通过证明维度症状测量与功能连接的变化相关，支持了ADHD中皮质-纹状体网络功能障碍的假说。这些变化在ADHD组与对照组的分类分析中未被检测到，突出了维度分析在研究ADHD神经生物学方面的重要贡献。
