Bohl M, Bjørnshave A, Larsen M K, Gregersen S, Hermansen K
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2017 Jan;71(1):76-82. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.207. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether intake of whey protein and butter naturally enriched in medium-chain fatty acids (MC-SFAs) (C6-C12) affected body composition, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure (BP) and plasma cholesterol concentrations.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: A 12-week randomised, double-blinded, intervention study was completed in 52 abdominally obese adults. Subjects were assigned to one of four dietary supplementations: 63 g per day of milk fat with either high- (8.5 g per day) or low-MC-SFA (6.9 g per day) content combined with 60 g per day of whey or casein.We examined changes in the body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorption scan, insulin sensitivity using homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda index, and diurnal BP and plasma cholesterol concentrations. Two-factor analysis of variance was used to examine the impact of MC-SFA content and protein type.
We observed that lean body mass increased by 981 g (95% confidence interval (CI): 248-1713; P=0.010) after high-MC-SFA compared with low-MC-SFA supplementation. Concomitantly, total body-fat percentage increased by 0.70 percentage points (95% CI: 0.10-1.31; P=0.024) after intake of low-MC-SFA butter compared with intake of high-MC-SFA butter. Both changes were independent of protein type (P=0.96 and P=0.99, respectively). We found no difference in HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, diurnal BP or plasma cholesterol concentrations related to MC-SFA content or protein type.
Enhanced intake of MC-SFA increased the lean body mass and caused a significantly lower total body-fat percentage compared with lower intake of MC-SFA. Consequently, the composition of dairy fat should be considered when evaluating the impact of dairy products on body composition.
背景/目的：研究摄入富含中链脂肪酸（MC-SFAs，C6 - C12）的乳清蛋白和黄油是否会影响身体成分、胰岛素敏感性、血压（BP）和血浆胆固醇浓度。
受试者/方法：对52名腹部肥胖成年人进行了一项为期12周的随机、双盲干预研究。受试者被分配到四种膳食补充剂之一：每天63克含高（每天8.5克）或低MC-SFA（每天6.9克）含量的乳脂肪，同时每天补充60克乳清蛋白或酪蛋白。我们通过双能X射线吸收扫描检查身体成分的变化，使用胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）和松田指数评估胰岛素敏感性，以及检查昼夜血压和血浆胆固醇浓度。采用双因素方差分析来检验MC-SFA含量和蛋白质类型的影响。
与低MC-SFA补充相比，高MC-SFA补充后瘦体重增加了981克（95%置信区间（CI）：248 - 1713；P = 0.010）。同时，与摄入高MC-SFA黄油相比，摄入低MC-SFA黄油后总体脂肪百分比增加了0.70个百分点（95% CI：0.10 - 1.31；P = 0.024）。这两种变化均与蛋白质类型无关（分别为P = 0.96和P = 0.99）。我们发现与MC-SFA含量或蛋白质类型相关的HOMA-IR、松田指数、昼夜血压或血浆胆固醇浓度没有差异。
与较低的MC-SFA摄入量相比，增加MC-SFA的摄入量可增加瘦体重，并导致总体脂肪百分比显著降低。因此，在评估乳制品对身体成分的影响时，应考虑乳脂肪的成分。
