Wang Zhi-Hua, Fan Chao, Myint Soe W, Wang Chenghao
School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States of America.
School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2016 Nov 10;11(11):e0165726. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165726. eCollection 2016.
Urban environmental measurements and observational statistics should reflect the properties generated over an adjacent area of adequate length where homogeneity is usually assumed. The determination of this characteristic source area that gives sufficient representation of the horizontal coverage of a sensing instrument or the fetch of transported quantities is of critical importance to guide the design and implementation of urban landscape planning strategies. In this study, we aim to unify two different methods for estimating source areas, viz. the statistical correlation method commonly used by geographers for landscape fragmentation and the mechanistic footprint model by meteorologists for atmospheric measurements. Good agreement was found in the intercomparison of the estimate of source areas by the two methods, based on 2-m air temperature measurement collected using a network of weather stations. The results can be extended to shed new lights on urban planning strategies, such as the use of urban vegetation for heat mitigation. In general, a sizable patch of landscape is required in order to play an effective role in regulating the local environment, proportional to the height at which stakeholders' interest is mainly concerned.
城市环境测量和观测统计应反映在通常假定具有同质性的足够长度的相邻区域上产生的属性。确定这个能充分代表传感仪器水平覆盖范围或输送量风区的特征源区，对于指导城市景观规划策略的设计和实施至关重要。在本研究中，我们旨在统一两种不同的源区估算方法，即地理学家常用于景观破碎化的统计相关方法和气象学家用于大气测量的机制足迹模型。基于使用气象站网络收集的2米气温测量数据，两种方法对源区的估算结果比对显示出良好的一致性。这些结果可用于为城市规划策略提供新的思路，例如利用城市植被缓解热岛效应。一般来说，为了在调节当地环境中发挥有效作用，需要相当大的一片景观区域，其大小与利益相关者主要关注的高度成正比。
