Strutt David, Schnabel Ralf, Fiedler Franziska, Prömel Simone
Bateson Centre and Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Institute of Genetics, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2016;234:249-274. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41523-9_11.
In multicellular organisms cells spatially arrange in a highly coordinated manner to form tissues and organs, which is essential for the function of an organism. The component cells and resulting structures are often polarised in one or more axes, and how such polarity is established and maintained correctly has been one of the major biological questions for many decades. Research progress has shown that many adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) are involved in several types of polarity. Members of the two evolutionarily oldest groups, Flamingo/Celsr and Latrophilins, are key molecules in planar cell polarity of epithelia or the propagation of cellular polarity in the early embryo, respectively. Other adhesion GPCRs play essential roles in cell migration, indicating that this receptor class includes essential molecules for the control of various levels of cellular organisation.
在多细胞生物中，细胞以高度协调的方式在空间上排列形成组织和器官，这对生物体的功能至关重要。组成细胞和由此产生的结构通常在一个或多个轴上极化，几十年来，这种极性如何正确建立和维持一直是主要的生物学问题之一。研究进展表明，许多粘附G蛋白偶联受体（aGPCRs）参与了几种类型的极性。两个进化上最古老的组的成员，即Flamingo/Celsr和促胃液素释放肽受体，分别是上皮细胞平面细胞极性或早期胚胎中细胞极性传播的关键分子。其他粘附G蛋白偶联受体在细胞迁移中起重要作用，表明这类受体包括控制细胞组织各个层面的关键分子。
