探索模仿、心理发展和气质之间的联系。
Exploring links among imitation, mental development, and temperament.
作者信息
Fenstermacher Susan K, Saudino Kimberly J
机构信息
University of Vermont, Burlington VT.
Boston University, Boston MA.
出版信息
Infancy. 2016 Sep-Oct;21(5):536-559. doi: 10.1111/infa.12132. Epub 2016 Feb 29.
Links among imitation, performance on a standardized test of intellectual development, and laboratory-assessed temperament were explored in 311 24-month old twin pairs. Moderate phenotypic associations were found between imitation, mental development, and temperament dimensions of Affect/Extraversion and Task Orientation. Covariance between imitation and mental development reflected genetic and shared environmental influences, whereas associations between imitation and temperament reflected genetic, shared, and nonshared environmental influences. Genetic factors linking imitation and temperament were the same as those linking temperament and mental development. Nonetheless, approximately 62% of total genetic variance on imitation was independent of genetic influences on mental development and temperament, suggesting that young children's imitation is not simply an index of general cognitive ability or dispositional style but has many underlying genetic influences that are unique.
在311对24个月大的双胞胎中，研究了模仿、智力发展标准化测试表现和实验室评估气质之间的联系。在模仿、心理发展以及情感/外向性和任务导向的气质维度之间发现了中等程度的表型关联。模仿和心理发展之间的协方差反映了遗传和共享环境影响，而模仿和气质之间的关联反映了遗传、共享和非共享环境影响。将模仿和气质联系起来的遗传因素与将气质和心理发展联系起来的遗传因素相同。尽管如此，模仿总遗传变异的约62%独立于对心理发展和气质的遗传影响，这表明幼儿的模仿不仅仅是一般认知能力或性格风格的指标，而是有许多独特的潜在遗传影响。
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