密歇根州部分废除通用摩托车头盔法对头盔使用、死亡率和头部受伤情况的影响。

The Impact of Michigan's Partial Repeal of the Universal Motorcycle Helmet Law on Helmet Use, Fatalities, and Head Injuries.

作者信息

Carter Patrick M, Buckley Lisa, Flannagan Carol A C, Cicchino Jessica B, Hemmila Mark, Bowman Patrick J, Almani Farideh, Bingham C Raymond

机构信息

Patrick M. Carter is with the Injury Center, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Lisa Buckley, Carol A. C. Flannagan, Patrick J. Bowman, Farideh Almani, and C. Raymond Bingham are with the Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan. Jessica B. Cicchino is with Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, VA. Mark Hemmila is with the Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Michigan.

出版信息

Am J Public Health. 2017 Jan;107(1):166-172. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303525. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303525

PMID:27854530

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5308169/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the impact of the partial repeal of Michigan's universal motorcycle helmet law on helmet use, fatalities, and head injuries.

METHODS

We compared helmet use rates and motorcycle crash fatality risk for the 12 months before and after the April 13, 2012, repeal with a statewide police-reported crash data set. We linked police-reported crashes to injured riders in a statewide trauma registry. We compared head injury before and after the repeal. Regression examined the effect of helmet use on fatality and head injury risk.

RESULTS

Helmet use decreased in crash (93.2% vs 70.8%; P < .001) and trauma data (91.1% vs 66.2%; P < .001) after the repeal. Although fatalities did not change overall (3.3% vs 3.2%; P = .87), head injuries (43.4% vs 49.6%; P < .05) and neurosurgical intervention increased (3.7% vs 6.5%; P < .05). Male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.65), helmet nonuse (AOR = 1.84), alcohol intoxication (AOR = 11.31), intersection crashes (AOR = 1.62), and crashes at higher speed limits (AOR = 1.04) increased fatality risk. Helmet nonuse (AOR = 2.31) and alcohol intoxication (AOR = 2.81) increased odds of head injury.

CONCLUSIONS

Michigan's helmet law repeal resulted in a 24% to 27% helmet use decline among riders in crashes and a 14% increase in head injury.

摘要

目的

评估密歇根州通用摩托车头盔法部分废除对头盔使用、死亡率和头部受伤情况的影响。

方法

我们将2012年4月13日废除头盔法前后12个月的头盔使用率和摩托车碰撞死亡率与全州警方报告的碰撞数据集进行了比较。我们将警方报告的碰撞事故与全州创伤登记处中受伤的骑手进行了关联。我们比较了废除头盔法前后的头部受伤情况。回归分析研究了头盔使用对死亡率和头部受伤风险的影响。

结果

废除头盔法后，碰撞事故（93.2%对70.8%；P < .001）和创伤数据（91.1%对66.2%；P < .001）中的头盔使用率下降。尽管总体死亡率没有变化（3.3%对3.2%；P = .87），但头部受伤情况（43.4%对49.6%；P < .05）和神经外科干预有所增加（3.7%对6.5%；P < .05）。男性（调整优势比[AOR] = 1.65）、不使用头盔（AOR = 1.84）、酒精中毒（AOR = 11.31）、十字路口碰撞事故（AOR = 1.62）以及高速限速下的碰撞事故（AOR = 1.04）会增加死亡风险。不使用头盔（AOR = 2.31）和酒精中毒（AOR = 2.81）会增加头部受伤几率。