Dayton Talya L, Jacks Tyler, Vander Heiden Matthew G
David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
EMBO Rep. 2016 Dec;17(12):1721-1730. doi: 10.15252/embr.201643300. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
A major metabolic aberration associated with cancer is a change in glucose metabolism. Isoform selection of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase has been implicated in the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells, and specific pyruvate kinase isoforms have been suggested to support divergent energetic and biosynthetic requirements of cells in tumors and normal tissues. PKM2 isoform expression has been closely linked to embryogenesis, tissue repair, and cancer. In contrast, forced expression of the PKM1 isoform has been associated with reduced tumor cell proliferation. Here, we discuss the role that PKM2 plays in cells and provide a historical perspective for how the study of PKM2 has contributed to understanding cancer metabolism. We also review recent studies that raise important questions with regard to the role of PKM2 in both normal and cancer cell metabolism.
与癌症相关的一个主要代谢异常是葡萄糖代谢的改变。糖酵解酶丙酮酸激酶的同工型选择与癌细胞的代谢表型有关，并且特定的丙酮酸激酶同工型被认为可支持肿瘤和正常组织中细胞不同的能量和生物合成需求。PKM2同工型的表达与胚胎发生、组织修复和癌症密切相关。相比之下，PKM1同工型的强制表达与肿瘤细胞增殖减少有关。在这里，我们讨论PKM2在细胞中的作用，并提供一个历史视角，说明PKM2的研究如何有助于理解癌症代谢。我们还综述了最近的研究，这些研究就PKM2在正常和癌细胞代谢中的作用提出了重要问题。
