Zach Petr, Vales Karel, Stuchlik Ales, Cermakova Pavla, Mrzilkova Jana, Koutela Antonella, Kutova Martina
Institute of Anatomy, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2016 Sep;37(4):253-264.
There is a growing body of evidence that stressful events may affect the brain not only as a whole, but also in multiple laterality aspects. The present review is aimed at discussing the effect of stress and stress hormones on structural brain asymmetry. Differences and crossroads of functional and structural asymmetry are briefly mentioned throughout the document. The first part of this review summarizes major findings in the field of structural brain asymmetries in animals and humans from the evolutionary perspective. Additionally, effect of stress on animals is discussed generally. The second part then explores asymmetrical effects of stress on structural changes of principal brain areas - amygdala, hippocampus, neocortex, diencephalon, basal forebrain and basal ganglia from the point of normal lateralization, steroids, trauma and genetic factors. At the end we present hypothesis why stress appears to have asymmetrical effects on lateralized brain structures.
越来越多的证据表明，应激事件不仅可能对大脑整体产生影响，还可能在多个偏侧性方面产生作用。本综述旨在探讨压力和应激激素对大脑结构不对称性的影响。在整个文档中，简要提及了功能不对称和结构不对称的差异及交叉点。本综述的第一部分从进化的角度总结了动物和人类大脑结构不对称领域的主要发现。此外，还一般性地讨论了压力对动物的影响。第二部分则从正常偏侧化、类固醇、创伤和遗传因素等方面，探讨了压力对主要脑区——杏仁核、海马体、新皮层、间脑、基底前脑和基底神经节结构变化的不对称影响。最后，我们提出了关于为什么压力似乎对偏侧化脑结构产生不对称影响的假说。
