Nagaraj Niranjan, Berwal Pramod Kumar, Srinivas Anusha, Sehra Ramnarayan, Swami Sarika, Jeevaji Prathyusha, Swami Gotam, Choudary Lokesh, Berwal Ayush
Department of Paediatrics, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.
Department of Paediatrics, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka, India.
J Pediatr Neurosci. 2016 Jul-Sep;11(3):200-205. doi: 10.4103/1817-1745.193367.
Neonatal sonography of the brain is now an essential part of newborn care, particularly in high risk and unstable premature infants. Cranial ultrasound is the most available and easily repeatable imaging technique for the neonatal brain showing brain development and the most frequently occurring forms of cerebral injury in the preterm and terms. This study aims to assess the importance of cranial ultrasound as an investigatory modality for high-risk neonates and to find out the morphology of various cerebral lesions and correlate clinically.
An observational correlation clinical study was conducted at Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner involving 100 high-risk neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) who was subjected to neurosonography on selected days as per protocol. Perinatal details were recorded, and clinical examination with appropriate investigations was done. The cranial ultrasound was done, and morphology of various findings was studied and recorded. Clinical correlation with cranial ultrasound findings and follow-up was done.
On cranial ultrasound, 38% of neonates had abnormal findings. Twelve percent of these had evidence of intracranial bleed, 13% periventricular echogenicity, 7% had ventriculomegaly, 2% had cerebral edema, and 1% had leukomalacia. Three neonates had findings suggestive of simple cyst in middle cranial fossa, agenesis of corpus callosum, and choroid plexus cyst.
Cranial ultrasonography is the best point of care neuroimaging method available for high-risk neonates. It is critical as an investigatory modality in NICU and effectively documents morphology of cerebral damage.
新生儿脑部超声检查现已成为新生儿护理的重要组成部分，尤其是在高危和不稳定的早产儿中。颅脑超声是新生儿脑部最常用且易于重复的成像技术，可显示脑部发育情况以及早产和足月儿中最常见的脑损伤形式。本研究旨在评估颅脑超声作为高危新生儿检查手段的重要性，并找出各种脑损伤的形态学特征及其临床相关性。
在比卡内尔的萨达尔·帕特尔医学院进行了一项观察性相关性临床研究，纳入了100名入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的高危新生儿，按照方案在选定的日子对其进行神经超声检查。记录围产期详细信息，并进行临床检查及适当的调查。进行颅脑超声检查，研究并记录各种检查结果的形态学特征。将颅脑超声检查结果与临床情况进行相关性分析并进行随访。
在颅脑超声检查中，38%的新生儿有异常发现。其中12%有颅内出血迹象，13%有脑室周围回声增强，7%有脑室扩大，2%有脑水肿，1%有脑白质软化。3名新生儿的检查结果提示中颅窝单纯囊肿、胼胝体发育不全和脉络丛囊肿。
颅脑超声检查是高危新生儿可用的最佳床旁神经成像方法。作为NICU中的一种检查手段，它至关重要，能有效记录脑损伤的形态学特征。
