Shimizu Yugo, Ogata Hiroyuki, Goto Susumu
Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
Chembiochem. 2017 Jan 3;18(1):50-65. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201600522. Epub 2016 Nov 30.
Polyketide synthases (PKSs) catalyze the sequential condensation of simple acetate units to produce a large class of natural products, including pharmacologically valuable compounds. PKSs are classified into three types on the basis of their domain structures; type III PKSs have the simplest domain structure, although their products have various structures and functions. The sequence-function relationship is fundamental for predicting enzyme functions, but it has not been well investigated in type III PKSs to date. Consequently, the current methods for predicting type III PKS functions are still immature in comparison with those that target type I/II PKSs. In this review we summarize the current functional and phylogenomic knowledge about type III PKSs and propose a new classification of their enzymatic reactions. We also discuss possible directions for the development of better computational tools for functional prediction of type III PKS homologues.
聚酮合酶（PKSs）催化简单乙酸酯单元的顺序缩合反应，以产生一大类天然产物，包括具有药理学价值的化合物。根据其结构域结构，PKSs可分为三种类型；III型聚酮合酶具有最简单的结构域结构，尽管其产物具有多种结构和功能。序列-功能关系是预测酶功能的基础，但迄今为止在III型聚酮合酶中尚未得到充分研究。因此，与针对I/II型聚酮合酶的方法相比，目前预测III型聚酮合酶功能的方法仍不成熟。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于III型聚酮合酶的功能和系统基因组学知识，并提出了其酶促反应的新分类。我们还讨论了开发更好的计算工具以预测III型聚酮合酶同源物功能的可能方向。
