Sokas R K, Spiegelman D, Wegman D H
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Am J Ind Med. 1989;15(2):197-206. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700150208.
One hundred forty-four sewing machine operators answered questionnaires concerning occupational history and musculoskeletal symptoms adapted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. They were matched for age within 5 years, race, and sex with persons completing the HANES I Augmentation Survey, and the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal morbidity was compared. Operators complained significantly more often of knee pain (prevalence odds ratio [POR] = 1.84, p = .0001) and knee swelling (POR = 9.98, p less than .00001), although they were no more likely to have had knee surgery. Similar increases were reported for upper-back pain (POR = 2.13, p = .002) joint ache, and joint swelling (both were significant for fingers, wrists, elbows, and shoulders at p less than .05 levels). No differences in low-back pain or in hospitalization for joint conditions were noted. Ergonomic redesign of sewing machines needs to address knee and upper-back movements as well as the arm, wrist, and finger movements.
144名缝纫机操作员回答了有关职业史和肌肉骨骼症状的问卷，这些问卷改编自国家健康和营养检查调查。他们在年龄（5岁以内）、种族和性别方面与完成HANES I强化调查的人员进行了匹配，并比较了自我报告的肌肉骨骼疾病患病率。操作员抱怨膝盖疼痛（患病率比值比[POR]=1.84，p=0.0001）和膝盖肿胀（POR=9.98，p<0.00001）的情况明显更多，尽管他们接受膝盖手术的可能性并不更高。上背部疼痛（POR=2.13，p=0.002）、关节疼痛和关节肿胀（手指、手腕、肘部和肩部的p值均小于0.05，差异均显著）也有类似的增加。下背部疼痛或关节疾病住院情况没有差异。缝纫机的人体工程学重新设计需要解决膝盖和上背部的运动以及手臂、手腕和手指的运动问题。
