Ogunsanya Motolani E, Brown Carolyn M, Odedina Folakemi T, Barner Jamie C, Adedipe Taiwo
Health Outcomes and Pharmacy Practice Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin 2409 University, Avenue STOP A1930, Austin, TX, 78712-1120, USA.
Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Lake Nona Campus, Orlando, FL, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2016 Nov 18. doi: 10.1007/s40615-016-0305-1.
Black men are more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer, with higher stage and higher grade at presentation. Evidence suggests that for education in health promotion behaviors (such as screenings) in early adult years, young Black men can be better equipped to make informed decisions in later years.
Using the theory of reasoned action (TRA), we assessed the intention of young Black men to screen for prostate cancer when it is recommended and determined its correlates.
This was a cross-sectional study of 267 Black men aged 18 to 40 years. A 47-item questionnaire collected information on demographics/personal factors, attitudes toward prostate cancer screening, social influence, comfortability with prostate examinations, cues to action, health screening experiences, knowledge of prostate cancer and screening, and intention. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables and hierarchical logistic regression was employed to determine significant predictors of prostate cancer screening intentions.
The regression model accounted for 46% of the variance in intention (p < 0.01), with excellent perception of health, having private or public health insurance, longer regular source of care, positive attitude, positive social influence, positive cues to action, and higher knowledge levels being significant predictors of intentions.
This study provides support for the use of TRA in predicting prostate cancer screening intentions among young Black men when it is recommended by a physician. Findings may inform the development of empirical-based interventions to educate and inform at-risk young Black men about the pros and cons of prostate cancer screening so that they can make informed decision on screening when recommended later in life.
黑人男性被诊断出患有前列腺癌的可能性更高，确诊时癌症分期和分级也更高。有证据表明，在成年早期开展健康促进行为（如筛查）教育，年轻黑人男性在晚年就能更好地做出明智决策。
运用理性行动理论（TRA），我们评估了年轻黑人男性在被建议时进行前列腺癌筛查的意愿，并确定其相关因素。
这是一项针对267名年龄在18至40岁之间的黑人男性的横断面研究。一份包含47个条目的问卷收集了有关人口统计学/个人因素、对前列腺癌筛查的态度、社会影响、对前列腺检查的舒适度、行动提示、健康筛查经历、前列腺癌及筛查知识以及意愿等方面的信息。对所有变量进行描述性统计，并采用分层逻辑回归来确定前列腺癌筛查意愿的显著预测因素。
回归模型解释了意愿方差的46%（p < 0.01），健康认知良好、拥有私人或公共医疗保险、有长期固定的医疗服务来源、积极的态度、积极的社会影响、积极的行动提示以及较高的知识水平是意愿的显著预测因素。
本研究为运用TRA预测医生建议时年轻黑人男性的前列腺癌筛查意愿提供了支持。研究结果可为制定基于实证的干预措施提供参考，以便对有风险的年轻黑人男性进行前列腺癌筛查利弊的教育和告知，使他们在晚年被建议筛查时能够做出明智决策。
