Guan Guijian, Liu Bianhua, Wang Zhenyang, Zhang Zhongping
Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensing & Advanced Robot Technology, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China.
Sensors (Basel). 2008 Dec 15;8(12):8291-8320. doi: 10.3390/s8128291.
Biological receptors including enzymes, antibodies and active proteins have been widely used as the detection platform in a variety of chemo/biosensors and bioassays. However, the use of artificial host materials in chemical/biological detections has become increasingly attractive, because the synthetic recognition systems such as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) usually have lower costs, higher physical/chemical stability, easier preparation and better engineering possibility than biological receptors. Molecular imprinting is one of the most efficient strategies to offer a synthetic route to artificial recognition systems by a template polymerization technique, and has attracted considerable efforts due to its importance in separation, chemo/biosensors, catalysis and biomedicine. Despite the fact that MIPs have molecular recognition ability similar to that of biological receptors, traditional bulky MIP materials usually exhibit a low binding capacity and slow binding kinetics to the target species. Moreover, the MIP materials lack the signal-output response to analyte binding events when used as recognition elements in chemo/biosensors or bioassays. Recently, various explorations have demonstrated that molecular imprinting nanotechniques may provide a potential solution to these difficulties. Many successful examples of the development of MIP-based sensors have also been reported during the past several decades. This review will begin with a brief introduction to the principle of molecular imprinting nanotechnology, and then mainly summarize various synthesis methodologies and recognition properties of MIP nanomaterials and their applications in MIP-based chemosensors. Finally, the future perspectives and efforts in MIP nanomaterials and MIP-based sensors are given.
包括酶、抗体和活性蛋白在内的生物受体已被广泛用作各种化学/生物传感器及生物分析中的检测平台。然而，人工主体材料在化学/生物检测中的应用正变得越来越有吸引力，因为诸如分子印迹聚合物（MIP）之类的合成识别系统通常比生物受体成本更低、物理/化学稳定性更高、制备更简便且工程可能性更好。分子印迹是通过模板聚合技术为人工识别系统提供合成途径的最有效策略之一，因其在分离、化学/生物传感器、催化和生物医学中的重要性而备受关注。尽管MIP具有与生物受体相似的分子识别能力，但传统的块状MIP材料通常对目标物种表现出低结合容量和缓慢的结合动力学。此外，当用作化学/生物传感器或生物分析中的识别元件时，MIP材料缺乏对分析物结合事件的信号输出响应。最近，各种探索表明分子印迹纳米技术可能为这些难题提供潜在的解决方案。在过去几十年中也报道了许多基于MIP的传感器开发的成功实例。本综述将首先简要介绍分子印迹纳米技术的原理，然后主要总结MIP纳米材料的各种合成方法和识别特性及其在基于MIP的化学传感器中的应用。最后，给出了MIP纳米材料和基于MIP的传感器的未来展望和努力方向。
