Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina, North Carolina State University, Asheville, NC, USA; Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Center for Governmental Responsibility, Levin College of Law, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Environ Int. 2017 Feb;99:29-42. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.006. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
The potential adverse reproductive and developmental effects of Mancozeb, especially in sensitive subpopulations, have not been fully reviewed for this widely used fungicide.
To review the experimental and epidemiologic evidence for the association between exposure to Mancozeb and reproductive and developmental health outcomes using an adaptation of the National Toxicology Program's Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) systematic review framework.
Four databases (PubMed, TOXNET, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched for published studies on Mancozeb. Of 403 identified articles, 30 met our inclusion criteria for systematic review.
Results from in vitro studies provide evidence that Mancozeb may indirectly disrupt or impair reproduction at the cellular level and should be regarded as a reproductive toxicant. Animal studies confirm reproductive and developmental toxicity in mammals and suggest that males chronically exposed to Mancozeb experience significant changes in physiological, biochemical, and pathological processes that may lead to infertility. Epidemiological studies were limited to indirect methods of exposure assessment and examined the effect of fungicides more broadly during pre-conception, pregnancy, and birth, yielding mixed results.
High confidence ratings from in vitro and animal studies, in combination with moderate confidence ratings from epidemiologic studies employing indirect methods of exposure assessment, provide evidence that Mancozeb should be regarded as a suspected developmental hazard and a presumed reproductive hazard in humans. More population-based studies linking direct measures and/or biomarkers of exposure to adverse effects on male and female fertility, as well as in utero and early life development, are needed to improve the quality of the evidence base concerning the human reproductive and developmental consequences of Mancozeb exposure.
代森锰锌是一种广泛使用的杀菌剂，其潜在的不良生殖和发育影响，尤其是在敏感亚人群中，尚未得到充分评估。
采用国家毒理学计划办公室健康评估和转化（OHAT）系统评价框架的改编版，综述代森锰锌暴露与生殖和发育健康结局之间关联的实验和流行病学证据。
在四个数据库（PubMed、TOXNET、Web of Science、Google Scholar）中搜索关于代森锰锌的已发表研究。在 403 篇确定的文章中，有 30 篇符合我们的系统评价纳入标准。
体外研究结果提供了证据表明，代森锰锌可能间接在细胞水平上干扰或损害生殖功能，应被视为生殖毒物。动物研究证实了哺乳动物的生殖和发育毒性，并表明男性长期接触代森锰锌会经历生理、生化和病理过程的显著变化，这可能导致不育。流行病学研究仅限于间接暴露评估方法，并广泛研究了在受孕前、怀孕和分娩期间杀菌剂的影响，结果喜忧参半。
体外和动物研究的高置信度评分，结合采用间接暴露评估方法的流行病学研究的中等置信度评分，提供了证据表明代森锰锌应被视为可疑的发育危害物和人类生殖危害物的假定物。需要更多基于人群的研究，将直接测量和/或暴露生物标志物与男性和女性生育能力以及宫内和早期生命发育的不良影响联系起来，以提高代森锰锌暴露对人类生殖和发育影响的证据基础的质量。
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