Cycling device powered by the electrically stimulated muscles of paraplegics.

The paper describes a device (Paracycle), that uses functional neuromuscular stimulation to exercise subjects, explore FNS technology and provide paraplegics with locomotion. The Paracycle is a four-wheeled cycling vehicle that may be used as a stationary exercise device or for locomotion. It incorporates a fully adjustable seat and an electric motor to assist or retard the cycling motion, as well as speed and direction controls. Furthermore, it has braces to fasten the feet to the pedals and to stabilise the ankle, as well as gearing to enable subjects with very small forces to move the vehicle forward. Results are presented for two cases studies. Good stability of the leg was achieved during the cycling motion and this would appear to be a major advantage of functional neuromuscular stimulation cycling over functional neuromuscular stimulation gait. Important areas for future research include a better understanding of the biomechanics of functional neuromuscular stimulation cycling and the development of Paracycle-like devices that can be used independently by paraplegics.