Muñoz-Aguirre Paloma, Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar, Flores Mario, Salazar-Martínez Eduardo, Salmerón Jorge
Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez", Ciudad de México, México.
PLoS One. 2016 Nov 28;11(11):e0166869. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166869. eCollection 2016.
Vitamin D deficiency is a major global public health problem. Recent epidemiological studies have assessed the relationship between vitamin D and multiple outcomes, including cardiovascular disease. However, this evidence is limited and inconclusive. Our purpose in this study was to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin D intake and cardiovascular disease risk in adult Mexican population.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis with the baseline data from 6294 men and women aged 20-80 years participating in the Health Workers Cohort Study. Data on sociodemographic, lifestyle, and medical history factors were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intake was evaluated by using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Cardiovascular disease risk was calculated using a recalibration of the Framingham heart disease prediction score. To evaluate the association between vitamin D intake and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis.
A total of 6294 subjects (1820 men and 4474 women) with a mean age of 42 years, were included. Of these, subjects in the highest quintile of vitamin D intake presented lower levels of triglycerides 14.6 mg/dL (P for trend = 0.001); 2.0 cm less in waist circumference (P for trend = 0.001) and 0.8 points less in the Framingham cardiovascular disease risk score (P for trend = 0.002) compared with the subjects in the lower quintile of vitamin D intake. Additionally, participants in the highest quintile of vitamin D consumption were less likely to develop elevated 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.33, 0.77; P for trend = 0.007).
Our data suggest that higher consumption of vitamin D is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in Mexican population.
维生素D缺乏是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题。近期的流行病学研究评估了维生素D与多种结局之间的关系，包括心血管疾病。然而，该证据有限且尚无定论。我们开展本研究的目的是评估成年墨西哥人群膳食维生素D摄入量与心血管疾病风险之间的关联。
我们对参与卫生工作者队列研究的6294名年龄在20至80岁之间的男性和女性的基线数据进行了横断面分析。通过自填问卷收集社会人口学、生活方式和病史因素的数据。使用半定量食物频率问卷评估膳食摄入量。使用重新校准的弗明汉心脏病预测评分计算心血管疾病风险。为了评估维生素D摄入量与10年心血管疾病风险之间的关联，使用多因素逻辑回归分析计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。
共纳入6294名受试者（1820名男性和4474名女性），平均年龄为42岁。其中，维生素D摄入量最高五分位数组的受试者甘油三酯水平较低，为14.6mg/dL（趋势P值=0.001）；腰围比维生素D摄入量最低五分位数组的受试者少2.0cm（趋势P值=0.001），弗明汉心血管疾病风险评分低0.8分（趋势P值=0.002）。此外，与最低五分位数组的参与者相比，维生素D摄入量最高五分位数组的参与者发生10年心血管疾病风险升高的可能性较小（OR=0.51；95%CI：0.33，0.77；趋势P值=0.007）。
我们的数据表明，较高的维生素D摄入量与墨西哥人群心血管疾病风险降低相关。
