Crichton Georgina E, Alkerwi Ala'a
Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Centre de Recherche Public Santé, Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
Centre de Recherche Public Santé, Centre d'Etudes en Santé, Strassen, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
Nutr Res. 2014 Nov;34(11):936-43. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.07.014. Epub 2014 Jul 30.
Because research focusing on dairy food consumption and the risk for obesity is inconsistent and only a few studies have even examined specific dairy products, in regard to type of food and fat content, in relation to obesity risk, this cross-sectional study investigated whether dairy food consumption is associated with the prevalence of global and abdominal obesity. Data were analyzed from 1352 participants in the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg survey. We hypothesized that higher total dairy food consumption would be independently associated with reduced prevalence of obesity. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to measure intakes of dairy foods. Odds for global obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2)) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88cm for women) were determined based on total dairy food intake as well as intakes of individual low- and whole-fat dairy products (milk, yogurt, and cheese). Total dairy food intake was inversely associated with the likelihood of global obesity (odds ratio [OR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30-0.89; P < .05) and abdominal obesity (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.32-0.83; P < .01). Participants in the highest tertile of whole-fat dairy intakes (milk, cheese, yogurt) had significantly lower odds for being obese (global obesity: OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29-0.72; P < .01; abdominal obesity: OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.23-0.54; P < .001), compared with those in the lowest intake tertile, after full adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, dietary, and cardiovascular risk factor variables. Increasing consumption of dairy foods may have the potential to lower the prevalence of global and abdominal obesity.
由于聚焦乳制品消费与肥胖风险的研究结果并不一致，且仅有少数研究考察了特定乳制品（就食物类型和脂肪含量而言）与肥胖风险的关系，因此这项横断面研究调查了乳制品消费是否与全身性肥胖和腹型肥胖的患病率相关。分析了卢森堡心血管危险因素观察调查中1352名参与者的数据。我们假设较高的总乳制品消费量将独立地与肥胖患病率降低相关。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷来测量乳制品摄入量。根据总乳制品摄入量以及个体低脂和全脂乳制品（牛奶、酸奶和奶酪）的摄入量，确定全身性肥胖（体重指数≥30kg/m²）和腹型肥胖（男性腰围>102cm，女性腰围>88cm）的比值比。总乳制品摄入量与全身性肥胖的可能性呈负相关（比值比[OR]，0.51；95%置信区间[CI]，0.30 - 0.89；P < 0.05）和腹型肥胖（OR，0.51；95%CI，0.32 - 0.83；P < 0.01）。在对人口统计学、生活方式、饮食和心血管危险因素变量进行全面调整后，全脂乳制品摄入量处于最高三分位数（牛奶、奶酪、酸奶）的参与者肥胖的几率显著低于摄入量处于最低三分位数的参与者（全身性肥胖：OR，0.45；95%CI，0.29 - 0.72；P < 0.01；腹型肥胖：OR，0.35；95%CI，0.23 - 0.54；P < 0.001）。增加乳制品的消费量可能有降低全身性肥胖和腹型肥胖患病率的潜力。
