Vamanu Emanuel, Pelinescu Diana, Sarbu Ionela
1 Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine , Bucharest, Romania .
2 Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest , Bucharest, Romania .
J Med Food. 2016 Dec;19(12):1188-1195. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2016.0085. Epub 2016 Nov 29.
Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and are associated with changes in the human gut microbiota. To better understand the relationships between diet, disease, and the colonic microbiome, we used the in vitro GIS1 system and repetitive element palindromic polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) to determine the microbial fingerprints in individuals with these diseases and compared them with the fingerprints in healthy controls. Clear differences were apparent in the three groups. The diabetes group showed significantly increased aerobic bacteria, increased coliforms, and reduced bifidobacteria; the balance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria was disturbed; significant numbers of clostridia were present; and the proportions of various major bacterial groups were unstable through the length of the colon. The microbiota of the cardiovascular group had high numbers of beneficial strains and more closely resembled the control microbiota. Different patterns of lactic acid bacteria were observed in the three groups, and there was a direct link between the presence of lactate and the colonic pH. Ammonium, a microbial metabolite associated with colonic cancer, was associated with consistently high levels of Gram-positive bacteria in the diabetic patients. In the cardiovascular patients and controls, each colonic segment showed a distinct microbial fingerprint, whereas in the diabetics, the same rep-PCR profile occurred in all three segments. The diversity of beneficial bacteria was reduced in patients with a nutritional or cardiovascular disease. Both diabetes and cardiovascular disease are associated with changes in the colonic microbial fingerprint. This study of microbial microbiota fingerprint modification has direct applicability in medical practice.
糖尿病和心血管疾病是全球发病和死亡的主要原因，且与人类肠道微生物群的变化有关。为了更好地理解饮食、疾病和结肠微生物组之间的关系，我们使用体外GIS1系统和重复元件回文聚合酶链反应（rep-PCR）来确定患有这些疾病的个体的微生物指纹图谱，并将其与健康对照的指纹图谱进行比较。三组之间存在明显差异。糖尿病组需氧菌显著增加、大肠菌增加、双歧杆菌减少；有益菌和致病菌之间的平衡受到干扰；存在大量梭菌；并且在整个结肠长度上各种主要细菌群的比例不稳定。心血管疾病组的微生物群中有大量有益菌株，与对照微生物群更为相似。在三组中观察到不同模式的乳酸菌，并且乳酸的存在与结肠pH值之间存在直接联系。铵是一种与结肠癌相关的微生物代谢产物，与糖尿病患者中革兰氏阳性菌的持续高水平有关。在心血管疾病患者和对照组中，每个结肠段都显示出独特的微生物指纹图谱，而在糖尿病患者中，所有三个段都出现相同的rep-PCR图谱。患有营养性疾病或心血管疾病的患者中有益菌的多样性降低。糖尿病和心血管疾病都与结肠微生物指纹的变化有关。这项关于微生物群指纹图谱改变的研究在医学实践中有直接的应用价值。
