Gupta Sayandeep, Roy Mousam, Ghosh Abhrajyoti
Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2017 Feb;74(2):284-297. doi: 10.1007/s00284-016-1167-9. Epub 2016 Nov 29.
The signal recognition particle (SRP) and its receptor constitute universally conserved and essential cellular machinery that controls the proper membrane localization of nascent polypeptides with the transmembrane domain. In the past decade, there has been an immense advancement in our understanding of this targeting machine in all three domains of life. A significant portion of such progress came from the structural analysis of archaeal SRP components. Despite the availability of structural insights from different archaeal SRP components, little is known about protein translocation in this domain of life compared to either bacteria or eukaryotes. One of the primary reasons being limited availability of the genetic and cell biological tools in archaea. In the present review, an attempt has been made to explore the structural information available for archaeal SRP components to gain insights into the protein translocation mechanism of this group of organisms. Besides, many exciting avenues of archaeal research possible using the recently developed genetic and cell biological tools for some species have been identified.
信号识别颗粒（SRP）及其受体构成了普遍保守且必不可少的细胞机制，该机制控制着带有跨膜结构域的新生多肽的正确膜定位。在过去十年中，我们对生命所有三个域中的这种靶向机制的理解有了巨大进展。此类进展的很大一部分来自古菌SRP组分的结构分析。尽管有来自不同古菌SRP组分的结构见解，但与细菌或真核生物相比，我们对生命这个域中的蛋白质转运了解甚少。主要原因之一是古菌中遗传和细胞生物学工具的可用性有限。在本综述中，我们试图探索古菌SRP组分可用的结构信息，以深入了解这组生物体的蛋白质转运机制。此外，还确定了许多利用最近为某些物种开发的遗传和细胞生物学工具进行古菌研究的令人兴奋的途径。
