Fortner Renée T, Katzke Verena, Kühn Tilman, Kaaks Rudolf
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Recent Results Cancer Res. 2016;208:43-65. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-42542-9_3.
The relationship between adiposity and breast cancer risk and prognosis is complex, with associations that differ depending on when body size is assessed (e.g., pre- vs. postmenopausal obesity) and when breast cancer is diagnosed (i.e., pre- vs. postmenopausal disease). Further, the impact of obesity on risk differs by tumor hormone receptor status (e.g., estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor) and, among postmenopausal women, use of exogenous hormones (i.e., hormone replacement therapy (HRT)). In the context of these complexities, this review focuses on associations between childhood and adolescent adiposity, general adiposity, weight changes (i.e., loss and gain), abdominal adiposity, and breast cancer risk and survival. Finally, we discuss potential mechanisms linking adiposity to breast cancer.
肥胖与乳腺癌风险及预后之间的关系十分复杂，其关联因评估体型的时间（例如绝经前与绝经后肥胖）以及诊断乳腺癌的时间（即绝经前与绝经后疾病）而异。此外，肥胖对风险的影响因肿瘤激素受体状态（例如雌激素（ER）和孕激素（PR）受体）不同而有所差异，在绝经后女性中，还因外源性激素的使用（即激素替代疗法（HRT））而不同。在这些复杂情况的背景下，本综述重点关注儿童期和青春期肥胖、总体肥胖、体重变化（即减轻和增加）、腹部肥胖与乳腺癌风险及生存之间的关联。最后，我们讨论将肥胖与乳腺癌联系起来的潜在机制。
