World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Maugeri Institute, IRCCS, Via Roncaccio 16, 21049, Tradate, Italy.
World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Maugeri Institute, IRCCS, Via Roncaccio 16, 21049, Tradate, Italy; Public Health Consulting Group, Lugano, Switzerland.
Int J Infect Dis. 2017 Mar;56:30-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.416. Epub 2016 Dec 1.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a priority in terms of incidence and mortality, with about 10.4 million new incident cases and 1.8 million deaths in 2015. The End-TB strategy recently launched by the World Health Organization in the context of the post-2015 agenda, aimed to achieve TB elimination, represents an evolution of the previous historical strategies originally aimed to achieve TB control. Globally, the current decline in TB incidence is rather slow at approximately 1,5% per year to reach the TB pre-elimination phase by 2035 (A more aggressive approach based on diagnosis and treatment of latently infected individuals has been proposed in the context of TB elimination to ensure future generations free of TB. We describes 4 scenarios which, combined, describe the TB epidemiology in a given setting: 1) in absence of interventions, 2) with early TB diagnosis and effective treatment, 3) with irregular TB treatment, 4) with TB co-infected by HIV not undergoing anti-retroviral treatment. To achieve TB Elimination, a more concerted action by funders and governments will be required for further investments into TB prevention, detection and treatment.
结核病（TB）在发病率和死亡率方面是一个优先事项，2015 年约有 1040 万新发病例和 180 万人死亡。世界卫生组织在 2015 年后议程背景下最近推出的终结结核病战略，旨在实现结核病消除，这是对以前旨在实现结核病控制的历史战略的演变。在全球范围内，结核病发病率的下降速度相当缓慢，每年约为 1.5%，要到 2035 年才能进入结核病消除前阶段（在消除结核病的背景下，提出了一种更积极的方法，即基于潜伏性感染个体的诊断和治疗，以确保后代免受结核病的影响。我们描述了 4 种情况，这些情况结合起来描述了特定环境中的结核病流行病学：1）没有干预措施，2）早期结核病诊断和有效治疗，3）不规则结核病治疗，4）合并 HIV 的结核病未进行抗逆转录病毒治疗。要实现结核病消除，需要资金和政府更协调的行动，进一步投资结核病预防、发现和治疗。
