Gauvin D V, Harland R D, Criado J R, Michaelis R C, Holloway F A
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Oklahoma City 73190-3000.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1989 Oct;24(2):103-13. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(89)90072-0.
Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained in a standard two-choice Drug 1-Drug 2 discrimination task utilizing 3.0 mg/kg chlordiazepoxide (CDP, an anxiolytic drug) and 20 mg/kg pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, an anxiogenic drug) as discriminative stimuli under a VR 5-15 schedule of food reinforcement. Saline tests conducted at specific time points after acute high doses of ethanol (3.0 and 4.0 g/kg) indicated a delayed rebound effect, evidenced by a shift to PTZ-appropriate responding. Insofar as such a shift in lever selection indexes a delayed anxiety-like state, this acute 'withdrawal' reaction can be said to induce an affective state similar to that seen with chronic ethanol withdrawal states. Ethanol generalization tests: (1) resulted in a dose- and time-dependent biphasic generalization to CDP, (2) failed to block the PTZ stimulus and (3) failed to block the time- and dose-dependent elicitation of an ethanol-rebound effect. These data suggest that ethanol's anxiolytic effects are tenuous.
选用12只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠，在食物强化的VR 5-15程序下，以3.0毫克/千克氯氮卓（CDP，一种抗焦虑药物）和20毫克/千克戊四氮（PTZ，一种致焦虑药物）作为辨别刺激，对其进行标准的二选一药物1-药物2辨别任务训练。在急性给予高剂量乙醇（3.0和4.0克/千克）后的特定时间点进行的生理盐水测试表明存在延迟的反弹效应，表现为转向对PTZ适当的反应。由于杠杆选择的这种转变指示了延迟的类焦虑状态，因此可以说这种急性“戒断”反应诱发了一种与慢性乙醇戒断状态所见相似的情感状态。乙醇泛化测试：（1）导致对CDP呈剂量和时间依赖性的双相泛化，（2）未能阻断PTZ刺激，（3）未能阻断乙醇反弹效应的时间和剂量依赖性诱发。这些数据表明乙醇的抗焦虑作用是微弱的。
