Dugan G M, Gumbmann M R, Friedman M
Western Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710.
Food Chem Toxicol. 1989 Aug;27(8):501-10. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(89)90045-8.
Diets containing 0.5, 1.58 and 5.0% jimson weed seed were fed to male and female rats (20/group) in a 90-day subchronic feeding study. The alkaloid content was 2.71 mg atropine and 0.66 mg scopolamine/g of seed. Gross clinical observations, body weights and feed and water intakes were recorded weekly. Tear production and pupil dilation measurements were made throughout the study. At 90 days, all of the animals were autopsied and clinical-chemistry analyses, complete haematology and bone-marrow evaluation for evidence of clastogenic effects were performed. Tissues from control (0% seed) and high-dose animals were examined histologically. The principal effects of jimson weed seed were: decreased body-weight gain, serum albumin and serum calcium; increased liver and testes weights (as a percentage of body weight), serum alkaline phosphatase and blood urea nitrogen. Female rats showed more marked responses to jimson weed seed than did males. In addition to the effects seen in both sexes, the females developed decreased serum total protein and cholesterol, and increased serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and chloride, red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration and packed red cell volume. No histological lesions were associated with ingestion of jimson weed seed at 5.0%. It is concluded that jimson weed seed at concentrations of 0.5% or more in the diet produced adverse physiological changes in rats.
在一项为期90天的亚慢性喂养研究中，将含有0.5%、1.58%和5.0%曼陀罗籽的饲料喂给雄性和雌性大鼠（每组20只）。生物碱含量为每克种子含2.71毫克阿托品和0.66毫克东莨菪碱。每周记录总体临床观察情况、体重以及饲料和水的摄入量。在整个研究过程中进行泪液分泌和瞳孔散大测量。90天时，对所有动物进行尸检，并进行临床化学分析、全血细胞学检查和骨髓评估，以寻找致断裂效应的证据。对对照组（0%种子）和高剂量组动物的组织进行组织学检查。曼陀罗籽的主要影响包括：体重增加减少、血清白蛋白和血清钙降低；肝脏和睾丸重量增加（占体重的百分比）、血清碱性磷酸酶和血尿素氮升高。雌性大鼠对曼陀罗籽的反应比雄性大鼠更明显。除了在两性中都观察到的影响外，雌性大鼠还出现血清总蛋白和胆固醇降低，以及血清谷丙转氨酶、氯化物、红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度和红细胞压积增加。5.0%剂量组未发现与摄入曼陀罗籽相关的组织学病变。结论是，饲料中浓度为0.5%或更高的曼陀罗籽会在大鼠中产生不良生理变化。
