Eckstaedt A
Int J Psychoanal. 1989;70 ( Pt 3):499-512.
Denial, acting on both the inner and external world, relies on further defence mechanisms in the form of object manipulations aimed at changing reality to make it fit the denying person's inner needs. If the object's ego is not strong enough to resist these manipulations, it is pressured into a submissive relationship. By means of seduction or its opposite, intimidation and the use of threats, the object is made to believe the content of the denying persons's inner or external world. The result is a mutually intrusive and reciprocal relationship in which the roles of victim and perpetrator alternate. This is the case when children are not allowed to acquire their own experiences during the process of transition from symbiosis to separation. Constant exposure to irritation leads to a regression of the ego, to the illusion that everything is possible in the 'we'. Object relations in adult life are then based on a parasitic need for the object in order to realize inner goals. In analysis this is manifested as symbiotic omnipotence, posing a 'serious stumbling block' to the analytic process, which may take the form of an 'as-if' analysis.
否认作用于内在和外部世界，它依赖于以客体操纵形式存在的进一步防御机制，这种操纵旨在改变现实，使其符合否认者的内在需求。如果客体的自我不够强大，无法抵抗这些操纵，就会被迫陷入一种顺从的关系。通过诱惑或其相反手段，即恐吓和威胁的运用，使客体相信否认者内在或外部世界的内容。结果是一种相互侵扰、相互的关系，受害者和加害者的角色会交替出现。当儿童在从共生向分离的过渡过程中不被允许获得自身经历时，情况就是如此。持续暴露于刺激会导致自我退行，产生一种错觉，即认为在“我们”之中一切皆有可能。成年生活中的客体关系随后基于对客体的寄生性需求，以便实现内在目标。在分析中，这表现为共生全能，对分析过程构成“严重绊脚石”，这可能采取“仿佛”分析的形式。
