Ukleja-Sokołowska Natalia, Gawrońska-Ukleja Ewa, Żbikowska-Gotz Magdalena, Socha Ewa, Lis Kinga, Sokołowski Łukasz, Kuźmiński Andrzej, Bartuzi Zbigniew
Department and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, NCU, ul. Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Division of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, NCU, ul. M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2016 Nov 30;12:61. doi: 10.1186/s13223-016-0167-4. eCollection 2016.
Component resolved allergen diagnosis allows for a precise evaluation of the sensitization profiles of patients sensitized to felines and canines. An accurate interpretation of these results allows better insight into the evolution of a given patients sensitizations, and allows for a more precise evaluation of their prognoses.
70 patients (42 women and 28 men, aged 18-65, with the average of 35.5) with a positive feline or canine allergy diagnosis were included in the research group. 30 patients with a negative allergy diagnosis were included in the control group. The total IgE levels of all patients with allergies as well as their allergen-specific IgE to feline and canine allergens were measured. Specific IgE levels to canine (Can f 1, Can f 2, Can f 3, Can f 5) and feline (Fel d 1, Fel d 2, Fel d 4) allergen components were also measured with the use of the ImmunoCap method.
Monosensitization for only one canine or feline component was found in 30% of patients. As predicted, the main feline allergen was Fel d 1, which sensitized as many as 93.9% of patients sensitized to felines. Among 65 patients sensitized to at least one feline component, for 30 patients (46.2%) the only sensitizing feline component was Fel d 1. Only 19 patients in that group (63.3%) were not simultaneously sensitized to dogs and 11 (36.7%), the isolated sensitization to feline Fel d 1 notwithstanding, displayed concurrent sensitizations to one of the canine allergen components. Fel d 4 sensitized 49.2% of the research group.64.3% of patients sensitized to canine components had heightened levels of specific IgE to Can f 1. Monosensitization in that group occurred for 32.1% of the patients. Sensitization to Can f 5 was observed among 52.4% of the patients.
Concurrent sensitizations to a few allergic components, not only cross-reactive but also originating in different protein families, are a significant problem for patients sensitized to animals.
组分分辨过敏原诊断能够精确评估对猫和狗过敏患者的致敏谱。对这些结果的准确解读有助于更深入了解特定患者致敏情况的演变，并能更精确地评估其预后。
研究组纳入70例确诊对猫或狗过敏的患者（42名女性和28名男性，年龄18 - 65岁，平均35.5岁）。对照组纳入30例过敏诊断为阴性的患者。测量所有过敏患者的总IgE水平以及他们对猫和狗过敏原的特异性IgE。还使用免疫捕获法测量对狗（Can f 1、Can f 2、Can f 3、Can f 5）和猫（Fel d 1、Fel d 2、Fel d 4）过敏原组分的特异性IgE水平。
30%的患者仅对一种狗或猫的组分致敏。正如预期，主要的猫过敏原是Fel d 1，对猫过敏的患者中有多达93.9%对其致敏。在65例对至少一种猫组分致敏的患者中，30例（46.2%）唯一致敏的猫组分是Fel d 1。该组中只有19例患者（63.3%）不同时对狗过敏，11例（36.7%）尽管仅对猫的Fel d 1致敏，但同时对一种狗过敏原组分致敏。Fel d 4使49.2%的研究组患者致敏。对狗组分致敏的患者中有64.3%对Can f 1的特异性IgE水平升高。该组中32.1%的患者为单一致敏。52.4%的患者对Can f 5致敏。
对多种过敏组分同时致敏，不仅包括交叉反应的组分，还包括源自不同蛋白质家族的组分，这对动物过敏患者来说是一个重大问题。
