de Senna Priscylla Nunes, Bagatini Pamela Brambilla, Galland Fabiana, Bobermin Larissa, do Nascimento Patrícia Severo, Nardin Patrícia, Tramontina Ana Carolina, Gonçalves Carlos Alberto, Achaval Matilde, Xavier Léder Leal
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Departamento de Ciências Morfofisiológicas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Brain Res. 2017 Jan 15;1655:242-251. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.10.024. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
Physical exercise can induce brain plasticity and reduce the cognitive decline observed in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We investigated the effects of physical exercise to prevent or reverse spatial memory deficits produced by diabetes and some biochemical and immunohistochemical changes in hippocampal astrocytes of T1DM model. In this study, 56 male Wistar rats were divided in four groups: trained control (TC), non-trained control (NTC), trained diabetic (TD) and non-trained diabetic (NTD). 27 days after streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes, the exercise groups were submitted to 5 weeks of aerobic exercise. All groups were assessed in place recognition (PR) test before and after training. The glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive astrocytes were evaluated using planar morphology, optical densitometry and Sholl's concentric circles method. Glucose and glutamate uptake, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutamine synthetase (GS) levels were measured using biochemical assays. Our main results are: 1-Exercise reverses spatial memory impairments generated by T1DM; 2-Exercise increases GSH and GS in TC but not in TD rats; 3-Exercise increases density of GFAP positive astrocytes in the TC and TD groups and increases astrocytic ramification in TD animals. Our findings indicate that physical exercise reverses the cognitive deficits present in T1DM and induces important biochemical and immunohistochemical astrocytic changes.
体育锻炼可诱导大脑可塑性，并减少1型糖尿病（T1DM）中观察到的认知衰退。我们研究了体育锻炼对预防或逆转糖尿病所致空间记忆缺陷以及T1DM模型海马星形胶质细胞中一些生化和免疫组化变化的影响。在本研究中，56只雄性Wistar大鼠被分为四组：训练对照组（TC）、未训练对照组（NTC）、训练糖尿病组（TD）和未训练糖尿病组（NTD）。链脲佐菌素诱导（STZ）糖尿病27天后，运动组进行5周的有氧运动。所有组在训练前后均进行位置识别（PR）测试。使用平面形态学、光密度测定法和肖尔同心圆法评估胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）阳性星形胶质细胞。使用生化分析测量葡萄糖和谷氨酸摄取、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）水平。我们的主要结果是：1. 运动可逆转T1DM产生的空间记忆障碍；2. 运动可增加TC组大鼠的GSH和GS，但TD组大鼠无此变化；3. 运动可增加TC组和TD组中GFAP阳性星形胶质细胞的密度，并增加TD组动物星形胶质细胞的分支。我们的研究结果表明，体育锻炼可逆转T1DM中存在的认知缺陷，并诱导重要的生化和免疫组化星形胶质细胞变化。
