[哥伦比亚暴力流离失所人群中的心理问题、情绪和焦虑障碍；2015年全国心理健康调查结果]
[Mental Problems, Mood and Anxiety Disorders in The Population Displaced by Violence in Colombia; Results of The National Mental Health Survey 2015].
作者信息
Tamayo Martínez Nathalie, Rincón Rodríguez Carlos Javier, de Santacruz Cecilia, Bautista Bautista Nubia, Collazos Jaime, Gómez-Restrepo Carlos
机构信息
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
出版信息
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2016 Dec;45 Suppl 1:113-118. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2016.09.004. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
INTRODUCTION
Colombia has a large population exposed to violence. Our data suggest a significant number displaced by the conflict. As there is an increased risk of vulnerability, their problems and mental disorders need to be assessed in order to determine specific treatments.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the prevalence of problems and mental disorders in those internally displaced by the conflict.
METHODS
Data was obtained from the National Mental Health Survey 2015. The diagnostic tools used were the composite international diagnosis interview (CIDI-CAPI), Self-reporting questionnaire (SQR). Alcohol consumption was assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification test (AUDIT). A survey based on the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) was developed. The modified Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C) was used to determine possible post-traumatic stress Disorder. Multidimensional poverty index (MPI) and Family-Apgar questionnaire were applied to general individual and household data.
RESULTS
A total of 943 persons displaced by the conflict were reported, with self-report of symptoms in 16.4% (95% CI, 13.2-20.1). The prevalence of any of the measured mental disorders (CIDI-CAPI) ever in life was 15.9% (95% CI, 11.9-21.1), with a suicidal ideation of 12.5% (95%CI, 9.0-17.1), and excessive alcohol consumption in 10.1% (95% CI, 7.2-13.9). More than one-third (35.6%, (95% CI, 30.7-40.8) of people report having experienced, witnessed, or been told that someone close had had a traumatic event related to the armed conflict. An increased risk of PTSD is reported by 3.6% (95% CI, 2.2-5.9) displaced people that had reported at least one traumatic event. Family dysfunction in the displaced population is absent (74.8% (95%.CI, 70.4-78.8).
CONCLUSIONS
The displaced population has a high prevalence of problems and mental disorders, which confirms their disadvantaged situation.
引言
哥伦比亚有大量人口遭受暴力影响。我们的数据表明，冲突导致了相当数量的人流离失所。由于脆弱性风险增加，需要对他们的问题和精神障碍进行评估，以确定具体的治疗方法。
目的
确定因冲突而流离失所者中问题和精神障碍的患病率。
方法
数据来自2015年全国心理健康调查。使用的诊断工具包括综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI-CAPI）、自填问卷（SQR）。饮酒情况通过酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）进行评估。开发了一项基于酒精、吸烟和物质使用筛查测试（ASSIST）的调查。改良的创伤后应激障碍检查表-平民版（PCL-C）用于确定可能的创伤后应激障碍。多维贫困指数（MPI）和家庭阿普加问卷应用于一般个人和家庭数据。
结果
共报告了943名因冲突而流离失所的人，其中16.4%（95%CI，13.2 - 20.1）有症状自述。一生中任何一种测量的精神障碍（CIDI-CAPI）的患病率为15.9%（95%CI，11.9 - 21.1），自杀意念患病率为12.5%（95%CI，9.0 - 17.1），过度饮酒患病率为10.1%（95%CI，7.2 - 13.9）。超过三分之一（35.6%，（95%CI，30.7 - 40.8）的人报告经历、目睹或被告知亲近的人发生了与武装冲突相关的创伤性事件。报告至少发生过一次创伤性事件的流离失所者中，有3.6%（95%CI，2.2 - 5.9）的人创伤后应激障碍风险增加。流离失所人群中不存在家庭功能障碍（74.8%（95%CI，70.4 - 78.8））。
结论
流离失所人群中问题和精神障碍的患病率很高，这证实了他们的弱势处境。
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