Martínez Nathalie Tamayo, Gómez-Restrepo Carlos, Ramírez Sandra, Rodríguez María Nelcy
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2016 Dec;45 Suppl 1:141-146. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2016.06.001. Epub 2016 Jul 15.
The study of mental disorders in people with chronic conditions recognises the importance of actively seeking and treating both, since chronic conditions have a higher prevalence than mental disorders and their comorbidity generates greater burden than if each one was considered separately.
To measure the prevalence of mood disorders and anxiety in a Colombian population of 12 years and older and with and without different chronic conditions.
The information is taken from the National Mental Health Survey 2015 in Colombia, which was an observational cross-sectional study with national representativeness for the age groups measured 12-17, 18-44, and 45 and older. Disorders measured where mood disorders and anxiety social phobia, generalised anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in the past 12 months, and several chronic conditions. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed for these conditions.
The highest prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders were found in people with gastrointestinal diseases, followed by those with chronic pain, heart, and lung diseases, which corresponded to 27.1%, 13.3%, 12.2%, and 11.5%, respectively, in those between 18 and 44 years old, and 15.9%, 12.2%, 8.0%, and 7.4% of those 45 and older, respectively. This was greater than the prevalence of these mental disorders in people with no chronic condition, where the prevalence is 3.5% in the younger, and 1.1% in the older group. However, the risk of these mental disorders is higher in older people. Thus, in those with gastrointestinal diseases when compared to people of the same age without any chronic condition the prevalence is 14.9 times higher, but for the same disease in the younger group it is 7.8.
These findings link chronic conditions with a higher prevalence of mental disorders, which in the present study also highlights the greater comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders in the elderly.
对慢性病患者精神障碍的研究认识到积极寻求并治疗这两者的重要性，因为慢性病的患病率高于精神障碍，且它们的共病所产生的负担比单独考虑每种疾病时更大。
测量哥伦比亚12岁及以上、患有和未患有不同慢性病的人群中情绪障碍和焦虑症的患病率。
信息取自2015年哥伦比亚全国心理健康调查，这是一项具有全国代表性的观察性横断面研究，涵盖12 - 17岁、18 - 44岁以及45岁及以上年龄组。所测量的疾病包括情绪障碍以及过去12个月内的焦虑社交恐惧症、广泛性焦虑症和恐慌症，还有几种慢性病。对这些情况进行了单变量和双变量分析。
在患有胃肠道疾病的人群中发现情绪和焦虑障碍的患病率最高，其次是患有慢性疼痛、心脏和肺部疾病的人群，在18至44岁人群中分别对应27.1%、13.3%、12.2%和11.5%，在45岁及以上人群中分别为15.9%、12.2%、8.0%和7.4%。这高于无慢性病患者中这些精神障碍的患病率，在较年轻组中患病率为3.5%，在较年长组中为1.1%。然而，这些精神障碍在老年人中的风险更高。因此，与同年龄无任何慢性病的人相比，患有胃肠道疾病的人患病率高14.9倍，但在较年轻组中同一种疾病的患病率高7.8倍。
这些发现将慢性病与更高的精神障碍患病率联系起来，在本研究中这也凸显了老年人中情绪和焦虑障碍的更高共病率。
