Gómez-Restrepo Carlos, Bohórquez Adriana, Tamayo Martínez Nathalie, Rondón Martín, Bautista Nubia, Rengifo Herney, Medina Rico Mauricio
Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Departamento Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Departamento Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2016 Dec;45 Suppl 1:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2016.09.009. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
There was a prevalence of mental disorders of 17% in adolescents in the past year. These tended to be chronic and their appearance at this age is associated with a worse prognosis than those in adulthood.
To determine the prevalence and mental factors associated with major depression and anxiety disorders.
Data were obtained from the IV National Mental Health Survey representing 5 regions. A structured computerised survey was conducted using the Computer Assisted Personal Interview-Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Adolescent Version (CAPI-CIDI-A), focused on the most common depression and anxiety disorders. It included a sample of 1754 adolescents between 12 and 17 years old.
The prevalence of any disorder at some point in life was 7.2% (95%CI, 5.8-8.9). The most common disorder corresponded to social phobia manifested sometime in life in 4.8% (95%CI, 3.7-6.2). Less frequent were panic disorder in girls (0.2%; 95% CI, 0.1-1.0) and other bipolar disorders in boys (0.2%; 95%CI, 0.1-0.7). Among the associated factors of suffering from any disorder were, being female (OR=2.1), having little family support (OR=2.0), having witnessed at least one traumatic event (OR=2.6), and having had a previous suicide attempt (OR=3.4). Participation in at least one group was a protective factor (OR=0.5).
Mental disorders of anxiety and depression represent a major burden of disease for Colombia.
过去一年青少年中精神障碍患病率为17%。这些障碍往往具有慢性特点，且在这个年龄段出现比在成年期出现的预后更差。
确定与重度抑郁症和焦虑症相关的患病率及心理因素。
数据来自代表5个地区的第四次全国心理健康调查。使用计算机辅助个人访谈 - 综合国际诊断访谈 - 青少年版（CAPI - CIDI - A）进行结构化计算机调查，重点关注最常见的抑郁症和焦虑症。该调查包括1754名12至17岁的青少年样本。
一生中某个时刻任何障碍的患病率为7.2%（95%置信区间，5.8 - 8.9）。最常见的障碍是社交恐惧症，一生中某个时刻的患病率为4.8%（95%置信区间，3.7 - 6.2）。女孩中惊恐障碍（0.2%；95%置信区间，0.1 - 1.0）和男孩中其他双相情感障碍（0.2%；95%置信区间，0.1 - 0.7）的患病率较低。患任何障碍的相关因素包括女性（比值比=2.1）、家庭支持少（比值比=2.0）、目睹至少一次创伤事件（比值比=2.6）以及曾有过自杀未遂（比值比=3.4）。参与至少一个团体是一个保护因素（比值比=0.5）。
焦虑和抑郁性精神障碍是哥伦比亚的主要疾病负担。
