Ness Brandon M, Comstock Brett A, Schweinle William E
University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2016 Dec;11(7):1054-1064.
Lower extremity injury commonly affects female soccer athletes. Decreased dynamic balance and hip strength are identified risk factors for lower extremity injury. Little is known about how these factors adapt to a training stimulus in this population.
To retrospectively investigate changes in lower extremity dynamic balance and isometric hip strength in Division I collegiate female soccer athletes after participating in an eight-week strength and conditioning program.
Retrospective, non-experimental cohort study.
As part of a standard testing battery, soccer athletes completed athletic performance pre- and post-testing separated by an eight-week off-season conditioning program consisting of overall strength and technical skill development. Testing included lower extremity dynamic balance assessment through the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and isometric hip abduction and external rotation (ER) strength testing, normalized to limb length and percent body mass, respectively. Athletes rested for one week prior to post-testing.
Seventeen healthy Division I female soccer athletes (age: 18.8 ± 0.9 years, height: 1.7 ± 0.06 m, mass: 68.0 ± 8.2 kg) completed the protocol. Significant improvements in SEBT composite reach distance were observed in the dominant (DOM) (3.6 ± 4.8%, 95% CI: 1.1 to 6.0) and nondominant (NDOM) (4.8 ± 6.1%, 95% CI: 1.7 to 7.9) limbs. Significant improvements in DOM hip ER strength (2.4 ± 2.3%, 95% CI: 1.3 to 3.6) and DOM SEBT anterior reach (2.1 ± 2.8%, 95% CI: 0.6 to 3.5) were observed. Large effect sizes were observed for DOM and NDOM hip ER strength gains (0.87 - 1.0), while small-moderate effect sizes were noted for the anterior reach direction (0.40 - 0.66). Further, DOM hip ER strength gains were significantly associated with DOM anterior reach performance improvements (r = 0.37, p<.01).
DOM hip ER strength gains appear to be associated with improved lower extremity dynamic balance on the ipsilateral limb for the SEBT anterior reach direction in collegiate, Division I female soccer athletes after an eight-week conditioning program. Future investigations should prospectively investigate intervention strategies to modify lower extremity injury risk factors in this population.
2b.
下肢损伤在女子足球运动员中较为常见。动态平衡能力下降和髋部力量减弱是已确定的下肢损伤风险因素。对于这些因素如何在该人群中适应训练刺激，我们知之甚少。
回顾性研究参加为期八周的力量与体能训练计划后，一级大学女子足球运动员下肢动态平衡和等长髋部力量的变化。
回顾性非实验性队列研究。
作为标准测试组合的一部分，足球运动员在休赛期进行了为期八周的包括整体力量和技术技能发展的体能训练计划前后，完成了运动表现测试。测试包括通过星形偏移平衡测试（SEBT）进行下肢动态平衡评估，以及等长髋外展和外旋（ER）力量测试，分别根据肢体长度和体重百分比进行标准化。运动员在测试后休息一周。
17名健康的一级大学女子足球运动员（年龄：18.8±0.9岁，身高：1.7±0.06米，体重：68.0±8.2千克）完成了该方案。在优势（DOM）（3.6±4.8%，95%CI：1.1至6.0）和非优势（NDOM）（4.8±6.1%，95%CI：1.7至7.9）肢体中，观察到SEBT综合伸展距离有显著改善。观察到优势髋部ER力量（2.4±2.3%，95%CI：1.3至3.6）和优势SEBT前伸（2.1±2.8%，95%CI：0.6至3.5）有显著改善。优势和非优势髋部ER力量增加的效应量较大（0.87 - 1.0），而前伸方向的效应量为小到中等（0.40 - 0.66）。此外，优势髋部ER力量的增加与优势前伸表现的改善显著相关（r = 0.37，p <.01）。
在为期八周的训练计划后，一级大学女子足球运动员中，优势髋部ER力量的增加似乎与SEBT前伸方向同侧肢体的下肢动态平衡改善有关。未来的研究应前瞻性地研究干预策略，以改变该人群的下肢损伤风险因素。
2b。
