Patel Sachin H, Camargo Fernando D, Yimlamai Dean
The Stem Cell Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
The Stem Cell Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Gastroenterology. 2017 Feb;152(3):533-545. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.047. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
The Hippo signaling pathway, also known as the Salvador-Warts-Hippo pathway, is a regulator of organ size. The pathway takes its name from the Drosophila protein kinase, Hippo (STK4/MST1 and STK3/MST2 in mammals), which, when inactivated, leads to considerable tissue overgrowth. In mammals, MST1 and MST2 negatively regulate the transcriptional co-activators yes-associated protein 1 and WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1/TAZ), which together regulate expression of genes that control proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Yes-associated protein 1 and TAZ activation have been associated with liver development, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. How their activity is dynamically regulated in these contexts is just beginning to be elucidated. We review the mechanisms of Hippo signaling in the liver and explore outstanding questions for future research.
河马信号通路，也被称为萨尔瓦多-疣-河马通路，是器官大小的调节因子。该通路得名于果蝇蛋白激酶河马（在哺乳动物中为STK4/MST1和STK3/MST2），当其失活时会导致组织过度生长。在哺乳动物中，MST1和MST2负向调节转录共激活因子Yes相关蛋白1和含WW结构域的转录调节因子1（WWTR1/TAZ），它们共同调节控制细胞增殖、存活和分化的基因的表达。Yes相关蛋白1和TAZ的激活与肝脏发育、再生和肿瘤发生有关。它们在这些情况下的活性如何动态调节才刚刚开始被阐明。我们综述了肝脏中河马信号通路的机制，并探讨了未来研究中有待解决的问题。
