Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 May;25(14):13335-13346. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-8274-9. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
In order to contribute to the increase of the body of knowledge on the sensitivity of tropical indigenous species to pesticides, acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted with the neotropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. Tests were carried out with the active ingredients diuron and carbofuran and one of their commercial formulations, the Diuron Nortox® 500 SC and the Furadan® 350 SC, respectively. For carbofuran, the active ingredient was more toxic than the commercial product, whereas for diuron, the commercial product appeared more toxic. In addition, hormetic effects on fertility were recorded for intermediate diuron concentrations. Acute and chronic toxicity data indicated that C. silvestrii was among the most sensitive invertebrate species for both test compounds. Based on concentrations measured in Brazilian water bodies, these compounds represent ecological risks for causing direct and indirect toxic effects on C. silvestrii and other aquatic organisms. Our results support previous claims on the advantages of using native species to better tune ecological risk assessment of chemicals in tropical ecosystems.
为了增加关于热带土著物种对农药敏感性的知识体系，我们用新热带枝角类动物 Ceriodaphnia silvestrii 进行了急性和慢性毒性测试。测试使用了有效成分敌草隆和呋喃丹以及它们的一种商业制剂，即 Diuron Nortox® 500 SC 和 Furadan® 350 SC。对于呋喃丹，活性成分比商业产品更有毒，而对于敌草隆，商业产品则显得更有毒。此外，在中等敌草隆浓度下还记录到了对生育力的激素效应。急性和慢性毒性数据表明，C. silvestrii 是两种测试化合物中最敏感的无脊椎动物之一。根据巴西水体中测量到的浓度，这些化合物对 C. silvestrii 和其他水生生物造成直接和间接毒性影响，代表了生态风险。我们的结果支持了先前关于使用本地物种来更好地调整热带生态系统中化学品生态风险评估的优势的说法。
