Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Inj Prev. 2017 Oct;23(5):314-320. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042039. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
Although non-fire-related carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is almost entirely preventable, over 400 people die and 20 000 people are injured each year in the USA from unintentional CO poisoning. Thus, there is a critical need for evidence-based interventions for preventing CO poisoning and increasing the proper use and installation of CO detectors.
A randomised, controlled trial (Project CODE, a Carbon Monoxide Detector Education intervention) with 2-week and 6-month follow-up home observations was conducted in 299 parents of children aged ≤18 years recruited in the emergency department of a level 1 paediatric trauma centre. The intervention group received an educational tool, a spiral-bound, laminated booklet that resembled a CO detector containing theory-based safety messages based on the precaution adoption process model, a plug-in CO detector and 9 V battery. The control group received a one page flyer on CO poisoning prevention.
Although the difference was not statistically significant, mean CO knowledge score increased at a greater rate for the intervention group than the control group. Intervention group parents were more likely to exhibit 'safe' CO detector use than control group parents at the 2-week follow-up (RR: 2.75; 95% CI 2.06 to 3.69) and 6-month follow-up (RR: 2.78; 95% CI 2.06 to 3.76), after adjusting for self-reported CO detector use behaviour at enrolment and annual per capita income.
An emergency department-delivered intervention containing a theory-based educational tool paired with a CO detector can be an effective method for increasing knowledge about CO poisoning, for prevention and for appropriate use of a CO detector.
NCT00959478.
尽管非火灾相关的一氧化碳（CO）中毒几乎完全可以预防，但在美国，每年仍有超过 400 人死于非本意的 CO 中毒，2 万人因 CO 中毒受伤。因此，迫切需要针对预防 CO 中毒以及提高 CO 探测器的正确使用和安装的循证干预措施。
在一家 1 级儿科创伤中心的急诊科，对 299 名≤18 岁儿童的父母进行了一项为期 2 周和 6 个月随访的家庭观察的随机对照试验（Project CODE，一氧化碳探测器教育干预）。干预组接受了一种教育工具，即一本螺旋装订、层压的小册子，类似于 CO 探测器，其中包含基于预防采用过程模型的理论安全信息、一个插入式 CO 探测器和 9V 电池。对照组收到了一份关于 CO 中毒预防的单页传单。
尽管差异无统计学意义，但干预组的 CO 知识得分增长速度快于对照组。在 2 周随访（RR：2.75；95%CI 2.06 至 3.69）和 6 个月随访（RR：2.78；95%CI 2.06 至 3.76）时，干预组的父母比对照组的父母更有可能表现出“安全”的 CO 探测器使用行为，这是在调整了入学时自我报告的 CO 探测器使用行为和年度人均收入后得出的结果。
一种在急诊科实施的干预措施，包含一个基于理论的教育工具，再加上一个 CO 探测器，可以成为提高 CO 中毒预防、预防和正确使用 CO 探测器的有效方法。
NCT00959478。
