The Environmental Medicine Branch, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
The Environmental Medicine Branch, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Am J Emerg Med. 2018 Mar;36(3):414-419. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.08.048. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
Unintentional non-fire-related (UNFR) carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning has been among the leading causes of poisoning in the United States. Current estimation of its economic burden is important for an optimal allocation of resources for UNFR CO poisoning prevention.
This study was to estimate the morbidity costs of UNFR CO poisoning. We also compared the costs and benefits of installing CO detectors in residences.
We used 2010-2014 charges and cost data from Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), and Truven© Health MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental data. We directly measured the morbidity cost as the summation of costs for different healthcare services. Benefit of installing CO detector was estimated by summing up the avoidable morbidity cost and mortality cost (value of life). Cost of CO detectors was calculated using the average market price of CO detectors. We also calculated the benefit-to-cost ratio by dividing the benefit by its cost. All expenditures were converted into 2013 U.S. dollars.
For UNFR CO poisoning, total annual medical cost ranged from $33.6 to $37.7 million. Annual non-health-sector costs varied from $3.7 to almost $4.4 million. The benefit-to-cost ratio can be as high as 7.2 to 1.
UNFR CO poisoning causes substantial economic burden in the U.S. The benefit of using CO detectors in homes to prevent UNFR CO poisoning can considerably exceed the cost of installation. Public health programs could use these findings to promote broad installation of CO detectors in homes.
非火灾相关的（UNFR）一氧化碳（CO）中毒已成为美国中毒的主要原因之一。对其经济负担进行当前估计对于优化非火灾相关 CO 中毒预防资源分配非常重要。
本研究旨在估计非火灾相关 CO 中毒的发病成本。我们还比较了在住宅中安装 CO 探测器的成本和收益。
我们使用了 2010-2014 年医疗保健成本和利用项目（HCUP）、Truven©健康市场扫描商业索赔和遭遇以及医疗保险补充数据中的收费和成本数据。我们直接将医疗费用总和作为不同医疗服务的成本来衡量发病成本。安装 CO 探测器的收益通过加总可避免的发病成本和死亡成本（生命价值）来估算。CO 探测器的成本使用 CO 探测器的平均市场价格计算。我们还通过将收益除以其成本来计算收益成本比。所有支出均转换为 2013 年的美元。
对于非火灾相关的 CO 中毒，每年的医疗总费用为 3360 万至 3770 万美元。每年的非卫生部门成本从 370 万到近 440 万美元不等。收益成本比高达 7.2 比 1。
非火灾相关的 CO 中毒在美国造成了巨大的经济负担。在家中使用 CO 探测器来预防非火灾相关的 CO 中毒的收益可以大大超过安装成本。公共卫生计划可以利用这些发现来促进在家庭中广泛安装 CO 探测器。
