Constantini Keren, Tanner David A, Gavin Timothy P, Harms Craig A, Stager Joel M, Chapman Robert F
1HH Morris Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; 2Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN; and 3Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017 May;49(5):948-954. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001193.
It has been reported that ~50% of endurance-trained men demonstrate exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) during heavy exercise. However, this often-cited prevalence rate comes from a single study using a cohort of 25 highly trained men who completed maximal cycle ergometry. As arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) during maximal exercise is reported to be significantly lower during treadmill versus cycle ergometry in the same subjects, we hypothesized that the prevalence of EIAH would be greater than previously reported (and commonly referenced) in a larger cohort of highly endurance-trained men during maximal treadmill running.
Data from 124 highly trained male distance runners (V˙O2max range = 60.3-84.7 mL·kg·min) were retrospectively examined from previously published studies completed in the Indiana University Human Performance Laboratory. Subjects completed a constant speed, progressive-grade treadmill exercise test to volitional exhaustion, and arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2ear) in all subjects was estimated using the same oximeter (Hewlett Packard 47201A).
Using similar inclusion criteria as previously published for highly trained (V˙O2max > 68 mL·kg·min) and for EIAH (SaO2ear ≤ 91%), 55 of 79 subjects (70%) exhibited exercise-induced arterial desaturation. Across all 124 subjects, 104 (84%) demonstrated at least moderate EIAH (SaO2ear ≤ 93%) during maximal treadmill exercise. SaO2ear was significantly yet weakly correlated with V˙E/V˙O2 (P < 0.01, r = 0.28) and V˙E/V˙CO2 (P < 0.001, r = 0.33) but not with V˙O2max.
These results indicate that the prevalence of EIAH in highly trained men during maximal treadmill exercise at sea level is greater compared with previously suggested data, with exercise mode perhaps playing a factor in the number of athletes who experience EIAH.
据报道，约50%的耐力训练男性在剧烈运动期间会出现运动诱发的动脉血氧不足（EIAH）。然而，这个经常被引用的患病率来自一项对25名完成最大强度自行车测力计测试的高度训练男性队列的单一研究。由于据报道，在相同受试者中，最大运动期间的动脉血氧饱和度（SpO2）在跑步机运动时显著低于自行车测力计运动，我们推测在更大队列的高度耐力训练男性进行最大强度跑步机跑步时，EIAH的患病率会高于先前报道（以及通常引用）的水平。
回顾性检查了来自印第安纳大学人体运动实验室先前发表研究中的124名高度训练的男性长跑运动员（最大摄氧量范围 = 60.3 - 84.7 mL·kg·min）的数据。受试者完成了恒定速度、递增坡度的跑步机运动测试直至自愿疲劳，所有受试者的动脉血氧饱和度（SaO2ear）使用同一台血氧计（惠普47201A）进行估算。
采用与先前发表的针对高度训练（最大摄氧量 > 68 mL·kg·min）和EIAH（SaO2ear ≤ 91%）相似的纳入标准，79名受试者中有55名（70%）出现了运动诱发的动脉血氧饱和度下降。在所有124名受试者中，104名（84%）在最大强度跑步机运动期间表现出至少中度的EIAH（SaO2ear ≤ 93%）。SaO2ear与通气当量（V˙E/V˙O2）（P < 0.01，r = 0.28）和二氧化碳通气当量（V˙E/V˙CO2）（P < 0.001，r = 0.33）显著但弱相关，与最大摄氧量无关。
这些结果表明，在海平面进行最大强度跑步机运动时，高度训练男性中EIAH的患病率高于先前建议的数据，运动模式可能是影响经历EIAH的运动员数量的一个因素。
