Mazur Joanna, Tabak Izabela, Dzielska Anna, Wąż Krzysztof, Oblacińska Anna
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Sexology, Counseling and Rehabilitation University of Zielona Góra, 65-729 Zielona Góra, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Dec 21;13(12):1264. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13121264.
Predictors of high-risk patterns of substance use are often analysed in relation to demographic and school-related factors. The interaction between these factors and the additional impact of family wealth are still new areas of research. The aim of this study was to find determinants of the most common patterns of psychoactive substance use in mid-adolescence, compared to non-users. A sample of 1202 Polish students (46.1% boys, mean age of 15.6 years) was surveyed in 2013/2014. Four patterns of psychoactive substance use were defined using cluster analysis: non-users-71.9%, mainly tobacco and alcohol users-13.7%, high alcohol and cannabis users-7.2%, poly-users-7.2%. The final model contained the main effects of gender and age, and one three-way (perceived academic achievement × gender × family affluence) interaction. Girls with poor perception of school performance (as compared to girls with better achievements) were at significantly higher risk of being poly-users, in both less and more affluent families (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 5.55 and OR = 3.60, respectively). The impact of family affluence was revealed only in interaction with other factors. Patterns of substance use in mid-adolescence are strongly related to perceived academic achievements, and these interact with selected socio-demographic factors.
物质使用高危模式的预测因素通常会结合人口统计学和学校相关因素进行分析。这些因素之间的相互作用以及家庭财富的额外影响仍是新的研究领域。本研究的目的是找出与非使用者相比，青少年中期最常见的精神活性物质使用模式的决定因素。2013年/2014年对1202名波兰学生（46.1%为男生，平均年龄15.6岁）进行了调查。使用聚类分析定义了四种精神活性物质使用模式：非使用者占71.9%，主要使用烟草和酒精者占13.7%，大量使用酒精和大麻者占7.2%，多种物质使用者占7.2%。最终模型包含性别和年龄的主效应，以及一个三向交互作用（感知学业成绩×性别×家庭富裕程度）。学业成绩感知较差的女孩（与成绩较好的女孩相比），无论在较不富裕还是较富裕家庭中，成为多种物质使用者的风险都显著更高（调整后的优势比分别为5.55和3.60）。家庭富裕程度的影响仅在与其他因素的相互作用中显现。青少年中期的物质使用模式与感知学业成绩密切相关，并且这些与选定的社会人口学因素相互作用。
