Cetateanu Andreea, Jones Andy
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; Centre for Diet and Physical Activity Research, Box 296, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary׳s Campus, Medical School Building, Office G39, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK.
Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; Centre for Diet and Physical Activity Research, Box 296, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK.
SSM Popul Health. 2016 Dec;2:196-205. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.04.001.
Global Positioning Systems (GPS) are increasingly being used to objectively assess movement patterns of people related to health behaviours. However research detailing their application to the food environment is scarce. This systematic review examines the application of GPS in studies of exposure to food environments and their potential influences on health.
Based on an initial scoping exercise, published articles to be included in the systematic review were identified from four electronic databases and reference lists and were appraised and analysed, the final cut-off date for inclusion being January 2015. Included studies used GPS to identify location of individuals in relation to food outlets and link that to health or diet outcomes. They were appraised against a set of quality criteria.
Six studies met the inclusion criteria, which were appraised to be of moderate quality. Newer studies had a higher quality score. Associations between observed mobility patterns in the food environment and diet related outcomes were equivocal. Findings agreed that traditional food exposure measures overestimate the importance of the home food environment.
The use of GPS to measure exposure to the food environment is still in its infancy yet holds much potential. There are considerable variations and challenges in developing and standardising the methods used to assess exposure.
全球定位系统（GPS）越来越多地用于客观评估与健康行为相关的人群运动模式。然而，详细阐述其在食物环境中应用的研究却很匮乏。本系统评价考察了GPS在食物环境暴露研究中的应用及其对健康的潜在影响。
基于初步的范围界定工作，从四个电子数据库和参考文献列表中识别出纳入系统评价的已发表文章，并进行评估和分析，纳入的最终截止日期为2015年1月。纳入的研究使用GPS确定个体相对于食品店的位置，并将其与健康或饮食结果联系起来。根据一套质量标准对这些研究进行评估。
六项研究符合纳入标准，评估为中等质量。较新的研究质量得分更高。在食物环境中观察到的移动模式与饮食相关结果之间的关联并不明确。研究结果一致认为，传统的食物暴露测量方法高估了家庭食物环境的重要性。
使用GPS测量食物环境暴露仍处于起步阶段，但潜力巨大。在开发和标准化用于评估暴露的方法方面存在相当大的差异和挑战。
