Bricker S R, McLuckie A, Nightingale D A
Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital.
Anaesthesia. 1989 Sep;44(9):721-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1989.tb09255.x.
The volumes and pH of gastric aspirates obtained from 110 children (aged 1-14 years) who underwent surgery for trauma were related to the duration of pre-operative starvation and to the interval between food and injury. Aspirates were larger in children fasted for 4-6 hours than in those fasted for up to 10 hours, and were larger in children injured within 2 hours of eating than in those in whom this interval was longer (p less than 0.05). However, 19 of 39 children (49%) starved for over 8 hours had an aspirate of more than 0.4 ml/kg, as did five of 16 children (31%) injured 3 or more hours after eating. Thus, a 'safe' interval between oral intake and induction cannot be predicted. We conclude that securing the airway by prompt tracheal intubation is the safest way to manage any child who presents for emergency anaesthesia after trauma.
对110名接受创伤手术的儿童（年龄在1至14岁之间）获取的胃吸出物的量和pH值，与术前禁食时间以及进食与受伤之间的间隔时间相关。禁食4至6小时的儿童的吸出物比禁食长达10小时的儿童的吸出物量大，进食后2小时内受伤的儿童的吸出物比进食与受伤间隔时间更长的儿童的吸出物量大（p小于0.05）。然而，39名禁食超过8小时的儿童中有19名（49%）的吸出物超过0.4 ml/kg，进食后3小时或更长时间受伤的16名儿童中有5名（31%）也是如此。因此，无法预测口服摄入与诱导之间的“安全”间隔时间。我们得出结论，对于任何因创伤前来进行紧急麻醉的儿童，通过迅速气管插管确保气道安全是最安全的处理方式。
