Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
Prev Med. 2017 Oct;103S:S90-S98. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.12.033. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
This study assessed the attributes of a perceived urban neighborhood environment for the physical activity (PA) of older adults by applying a qualitative multimethod approach to collect both descriptive and spatial information. Conducted in a northern community of Seoul, Korea, from April 2014 to November 2015, data collection methods included 90 walking tours by researchers, 46 face-to-face, semi-structured interviews combined with qualitative mapping with senior residents aged 65+, 19 guided tours with the interviewees, and 3 focus groups with 12 community service providers. Thematic analysis and pattern finding were performed on the data. Walking was the main type of PA of the older adults. Nine attributes of perceived neighborhood environment for PA were identified under three themes: daily living (everyday life activities, mobility, social opportunities, diverse destinations); the multidimensionality of accessibility (physical, economic, psychosocial), and attractiveness and pleasantness (maintenance, aesthetics). The subcategories of the attributes included proximity, access to public transportation, walkability, cost-worthiness, low or no cost, familiarity, sense of welcoming, sociocultural appropriateness, fair access, order and upkeep, safety, openness, cleanliness, and interestingness. Strategies to generate more movement and activities in the everyday routine of the elderly should be a core task for health promotion and neighborhood design. A strategic application of multiple qualitative methods can create an opportunity to build contextual understanding and to generate ideas in interactions with the community.
本研究采用定性多方法收集描述性和空间信息，评估了感知城市邻里环境对老年人身体活动（PA）的属性。研究于 2014 年 4 月至 2015 年 11 月在韩国首尔北部社区进行，数据收集方法包括研究人员进行的 90 次步行游览、46 次与 65 岁以上老年人面对面的半结构化访谈，结合与老年人一起进行的定性绘图、19 次导游以及 12 次与社区服务提供者的焦点小组。对数据进行了主题分析和模式发现。步行是老年人主要的身体活动类型。在三个主题下确定了九个感知邻里环境对 PA 的属性：日常生活（日常生活活动、流动性、社会机会、多样化目的地）；可达性的多维性（物理、经济、心理社会）和吸引力和愉悦感（维护、美学）。属性的子类别包括邻近性、公共交通可达性、可步行性、物有所值、低成本或无成本、熟悉度、欢迎感、社会文化适宜性、公平准入、秩序和维护、安全性、开放性、清洁度和趣味性。为老年人日常生活创造更多运动和活动的策略应该是健康促进和邻里设计的核心任务。多种定性方法的战略应用为与社区互动建立背景理解和产生创意提供了机会。
