Sáinz-Ruiz Pablo Alberto, Sanz-Valero Javier, Gea-Caballero Vicente, Melo Pedro, Nguyen Tam H, Suárez-Máximo Juan Daniel, Martínez-Riera José Ramón
Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
Adscript Center of Universidad de Valencia, Research Group GREIACC, Health Research Institute La Fe, Nursing School La Fe, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106. Pabellón docente Torre H, Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 27;18(11):5758. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115758.
Since Aaron Antonovsky's salutogenesis theory and Morgan and Ziglio's health assets model were first proposed, there has been a growing concern to define the resources available to the individual and the community to maintain or improve health and well-being. The aim of the present study was to identify the dimensions that characterise community assets for health. To this end, we conducted a systematised review with a meta-synthesis and content analysis of research or projects involving asset mapping in the community. Articles that met our eligibility criteria were: (1) based on the salutogenic approach and (2) described an assets mapping process and among their results, explained what, how and why particular community assets for health had been selected. The search included primary studies in the published and grey literature which were selected from websites and electronic databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Dialnet, SciELO). Of the 607 records examined by a single reviewer, 34 were included in the content analysis and 14 in the qualitative synthesis. Using an inductive process, we identified 14 dimensions with 24 categories, for which in-depth literature reviews were then carried out to define specific indicators and items. These dimensions were: utility, intention, previous use, accessibility ("circumstances-opportunity-affordability"), proximity-walkability, connectivity, intelligibility (visibility, transparency), identity (uniqueness, appropriability, attachment), design (configuration, functionality, comfort), safety (objective/subjective), diversity, the dimension of public and private, and sustainability (which includes maintenance, profitability or economic sustainability, environmental sustainability, centrality-participation and equity-inclusiveness).
自从亚伦·安东诺夫斯基的健康生成理论以及摩根和齐利奥的健康资产模型首次提出以来，人们越来越关注确定个人和社区可用于维持或改善健康及幸福的资源。本研究的目的是确定表征社区健康资产的维度。为此，我们进行了一项系统评价，对涉及社区资产映射的研究或项目进行元综合和内容分析。符合我们纳入标准的文章为：（1）基于健康生成方法；（2）描述了资产映射过程，并且在其结果中解释了特定社区健康资产被选中的内容、方式及原因。检索包括发表文献和灰色文献中的原始研究，这些文献选自网站和电子数据库（科学引文索引、医学期刊数据库、Scopus、EBSCOhost、Dialnet、科学电子图书馆在线）。在由一名评审员审查的607条记录中，34条纳入内容分析，14条纳入定性综合。通过归纳过程，我们确定了14个维度和24个类别，随后对这些维度进行深入的文献综述以确定具体指标和项目。这些维度包括：效用、意图、先前使用情况、可达性（“环境 - 机会 - 可承受性”）、邻近性 - 可步行性、连通性、可理解性（可见性、透明度）、特性（独特性、适用性、归属感）、设计（布局、功能、舒适度）、安全性（客观/主观）、多样性、公共和私人维度以及可持续性（包括维护、盈利能力或经济可持续性、环境可持续性、核心地位 - 参与度以及公平 - 包容性）。
