Reed Laura K, Baer Charles F, Edison Arthur S
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, 300 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, 621 Bartram Hall, 876 Newell Dr., Gainesville, FL 32611-8525, USA.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2017 Feb;36:7-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.12.005. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Model organisms are important in many areas of chemical biology. In metabolomics, model organisms can provide excellent samples for methods development as well as the foundation of comparative phylometabolomics, which will become possible as metabolomics applications expand. Comparative studies of conserved and unique metabolic pathways will help in the annotation of metabolites as well as provide important new targets of investigation in biology and biomedicine. However, most chemical biologists are not familiar with genetics, which needs to be considered when choosing a model organism. In this review we summarize the strengths and weaknesses of several genetic systems, including natural isolates, recombinant inbred lines, and genetic mutations. We also discuss methods to detect targets of selection on the metabolome.
模式生物在化学生物学的许多领域都很重要。在代谢组学中，模式生物可为方法开发提供优质样本，也是比较系统发育代谢组学的基础，随着代谢组学应用的扩展，这将成为可能。对保守和独特代谢途径的比较研究将有助于代谢物注释，并为生物学和生物医学提供重要的新研究靶点。然而，大多数化学生物学家并不熟悉遗传学，在选择模式生物时需要考虑这一点。在本综述中，我们总结了几种遗传系统的优缺点，包括自然分离株、重组自交系和基因突变。我们还讨论了检测代谢组上选择靶点的方法。
